Development of Mathematical Model for Both Solute Transport in Snow and Isotopic Evolution of Snowmelt

ABSTRACT Chemical and isotopic variations of snowmelt provide important clues for understanding snowmelt processes and thetiming and contribution of snowmelt to catchment or watershed in spring. The newly developed model includes ahydraulic exchange between mobile and immobile water ( ω ), and isotopic exchanges between both mobile water and ice( f 1 ) and immobile water and ice (f 2 ). Since the new model is based on the mobile-immobile water conceptualization,which is widely used for describing chemical tracer transport in snow, it allows simultaneous calculations of chemical aswell as isotopic variations in snowpack discharge. We compare the model results with a study of solute transport andisotopic evolution of snowmelt in snow, using artificial rain-on-snow experiments with conservative anion (Br − ). Theseobservations are used to test the newly developed model and to better understand physical processes in a seasonalsnowpack where our model simulates the chemical and isotopic variations.Key words :Snowmelt, Solute transport, Isotopic evolution of snowmelt, Mobile-imobile water model

[1]  Jeonghoon Lee,et al.  An Energy Budget Algorithm for a Snowpack-Snowmelt Calculation , 2011 .

[2]  Jeonghoon Lee,et al.  Isotopic evolution of snowmelt: A new model incorporating mobile and immobile water , 2010 .

[3]  E. Posmentier,et al.  Isotopic evolution of a seasonal snowcover and its melt by isotopic exchange between liquid water and ice , 2010 .

[4]  Gerrit Lohmann,et al.  Regional Climate Projections. , 2010 .

[5]  Shiqiao Zhou,et al.  Preferential exchange rate effect of isotopic fractionation in a melting snowpack , 2008 .

[6]  C. Renshaw,et al.  A study of solute redistribution and transport in seasonal snowpack using natural and artificial tracers , 2008 .

[7]  E. Posmentier,et al.  Modeling of solute transport in snow using conservative tracers and artificial rain‐on‐snow experiments , 2008 .

[8]  Xiahong Feng,et al.  Isotopic Exchange Rate Constant between Snow and Liquid Water , 2009 .

[9]  Roger Jones,et al.  Regional climate projections , 2007 .

[10]  C. Renshaw,et al.  Isotopic evolution of snowmelt 2. Verification and parameterization of a one‐dimensional model using laboratory experiments , 2002 .

[11]  C. Renshaw,et al.  Isotopic evolution of snowmelt 1. A physically based one‐dimensional model , 2002 .

[12]  J. McDonnell,et al.  Isotope variations in a Sierra Nevada snowpack and their relation to meltwater , 2002 .

[13]  C. Renshaw,et al.  A study of solute transport mechanisms using rare earth element tracers and artificial rainstorms on snow , 2001 .

[14]  C. Renshaw,et al.  Isotopic evolution of a seasonal snowpack and its melt , 2001 .

[15]  R. Bales,et al.  Modeling ionic solute transport in melting snow , 1998 .

[16]  Pratap Singh,et al.  Hydrological response of snowpack under rain-on-snow events: a field study , 1997 .

[17]  R. Davis,et al.  Ion elution through shallow homogeneous snow , 1989 .

[18]  S. Hibberd.  A Model for Pollutant Concentrations During Snow-Melt , 1984, Journal of Glaciology.

[19]  Eric A. Anderson,et al.  The permeability of a melting snow cover , 1982 .

[20]  S. Colbeck,et al.  A Theory of Water Percolation in Snow , 1972, Journal of Glaciology.

[21]  Thorvaldur Búason.  Equation of Isotope Fractionation Between Ice and Water in A Melting Snow Column with Continuous Rain and Percolation , 1972, Journal of Glaciology.

[22]  J. R. O'neil,et al.  HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION BETWEEN ICE AND WATER. , 1968 .