Antibacterial Activity of Aloe vera Essential Oil against Skin Infection with Staphylococcus aureus: In vitro and in vivo Studies

Antibacterial activity of aloe vera essential oil extract (0.8gm/100 µl) was investigated in multi-drug resistance (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus specimen isolated from patients with skin infection in Baghdad. Aloe vera essential oil extract showed obvious antistaphylococcal activity probably due to the presence of Anthraquinones components of aloe vera which include (aloin 2.3%, isobarbaloin 36.1%, anthranol 42.6%, aloectic acid 16.8%,and aloe emodin 2.1%). Fast liquid chromatography was used to separate these components. Antibiotics combinations revealed that Aloe vera essential oil with Clindamycin against MDR isolates of S. aureus showed a synergistic effect when used as 1/4 MIC for each antimicrobial. In vivo study was executed to determine antibacterial activity of these compounds by induction of skin infection with Staphylococcus aureus in mice and the treatment begun after 4hrs later and continue to seven days then skin biopsy was taken and sent for histopathological examination. According to the results of this study, we can conclude that aloe vera essential oil has remarkable antistaphylococcal activity. Combination of aloe vera essential oil with Clindamycin was more effective than Clindamycin alone in treatment of skin infection with Staphylococcus aureus.

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