Synthesis of Retinal Gangliosides During Chick Embryonic Development

Abstract: Embryonic retina cells incorporated radioactivity from D‐[6‐3H]glucosamine into gangliosides in vitro. The incorporation was higher in retinas from younger embryos. The pattern of labeling of individual gangliosides of the retina changed gradually from a predominant labeling of gangliosides running chromatographically as GD3 (nomenclature of Svennerholm) and GM3 in retinas from 8‐day‐old embryos to a predominant labeling of those running as GDIa and GT, in retinas from 13–18‐day‐old embryos and newly hatched chicks. The shift in the pattern of labeling correlated with a temporary increase of about sixfold of the activity of UDP‐N‐acetyl‐galactosamine:GM3 N‐acetylgalactosaminyltransferase occurring between days 8 and 14 of embryonic development and with a regular increase of the activity of the UDP‐galactose:GM2 galactosyltransferase occurring from day 8 until hatching. The activities of the CMP‐NeuAc:lactosylceramide‐, CMP‐NeuAc:GM3‐, and CMP‐NeuAc:GM1‐sialosyltransferases in the retinas of newly hatched chicks were 40, 20, and 40%(in comparison with the corresponding activities determined in retinas of the 8‐day‐old embryo.

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