Model free endurance markers based on the second derivative of blood lactate curves.
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Blood lactate assessment is used regularly by exercise
physiologists as a predictor of endurance performance. Typically
fingertip blood samples are collected at selected running speeds
on a treadmill and a plot of lactate concentration against
workload (e.g. treadmill speed) is presented. Several features of
the lactate curve have been suggested as markers for endurance.
Typically these features, or endurance markers, are used to
monitor changes in aerobic fitness, set training regimes and
predict endurance performance. Determination of these markers
however can be problematic (Weltman, 1995).
In order to explore the structure of lactate curves, Functional
Data Analysis (FDA) techniques are applied to provide graphical
summaries. A new nonparametric endurance marker is then presented which
corresponds to the point of maximum acceleration in the lactate
curve. Using smoothing splines it is easily calculated by
examining the second derivative of the smoothed lactate response.
In addition we propose a simple discrete approximation to this
marker.