Metal-organic-frameworks derived porous carbon-wrapped Ni composites with optimized impedance matching as excellent lightweight electromagnetic wave absorber

Abstract In recent years, metal–organic-frameworks derived composites, especially magnetic nanoparticles embedded in porous carbon matrix have emerged as promising candidate for lightweight electromagnetic wave absorber. Nevertheless, investigation on the optimization of impedance matching in the microwave absorption properties is insufficient. In this work, impedance matching is optimized to achieve strongest absorption intensity and broaden the effective frequency bandwidth. In detail, electromagnetic parameters have been controlled through changing the carbonization temperature to fulfill optimized impedance matching. RL value of −51.8 dB and an effective frequency bandwidth (fe) of 3.48 GHz with a thickness of 2.6 mm can be achieved by sample prepared at 500 °C and RL value of −15.0 dB and a fe of 4.72 GHz with a thin thickness of 1.8 mm can be reached by sample synthesized at 600 °C. Comparative studies of each sample directly display the effect of impedance matching on the RL performance and possible attenuation mechanisms are also discussed. This work may deepen the understanding of the impedance matching and pave the way for the synthesis of high performance lightweight microwave absorber.

[1]  Z. W. Li,et al.  Recent progress in some composite materials and structures for specific electromagnetic applications , 2013 .

[2]  Xianguo Liu,et al.  Effects of particle size on the magnetic and microwave absorption properties of carbon-coated nickel nanocapsules , 2016 .

[3]  F. Luo,et al.  Graphene nanosheet- and flake carbonyl iron particle-filled epoxy–silicone composites as thin–thickness and wide-bandwidth microwave absorber , 2015 .

[4]  Wei Xia,et al.  Metal–organic frameworks and their derived nanostructures for electrochemical energy storage and conversion , 2015 .

[5]  Haimin Zhao,et al.  Excellent Electromagnetic Absorption Capability of Ni/Carbon Based Conductive and Magnetic Foams Synthesized via a Green One Pot Route. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[6]  Xiujun Fan,et al.  WC Nanocrystals Grown on Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes: An Efficient and Stable Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. , 2015, ACS nano.

[7]  Jun Ma,et al.  Rational design of yolk-shell C@C microspheres for the effective enhancement in microwave absorption , 2016 .

[8]  Youwei Du,et al.  Thermal conversion of an Fe₃O₄@metal-organic framework: a new method for an efficient Fe-Co/nanoporous carbon microwave absorbing material. , 2015, Nanoscale.

[9]  R. Banerjee,et al.  Metal and metal oxide nanoparticle synthesis from metal organic frameworks (MOFs): finding the border of metal and metal oxides. , 2012, Nanoscale.

[10]  Nan Xiao,et al.  Lightweight carbon foam from coal liquefaction residue with broad-band microwave absorbing capability , 2016 .

[11]  K. Ariga,et al.  Direct synthesis of MOF-derived nanoporous carbon with magnetic Co nanoparticles toward efficient water treatment. , 2014, Small.

[12]  Lifang Jiao,et al.  In situ synthesized one-dimensional porous Ni@C nanorods as catalysts for hydrogen storage properties of MgH2. , 2014, Nanoscale.

[13]  Hairong Xue,et al.  Microwave-assisted synthesis of graphene–Ni composites with enhanced microwave absorption properties in Ku-band , 2015 .

[14]  L. Qu,et al.  Scalable Preparation of Multifunctional Fire-Retardant Ultralight Graphene Foams. , 2016, ACS nano.

[15]  Yu Zhou,et al.  Reduced graphene oxide decorated with in-situ growing ZnO nanocrystals: Facile synthesis and enhanced microwave absorption properties , 2016 .

[16]  Teng Wang,et al.  MOF-derived surface modified Ni nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction , 2015 .

[17]  Vladimir I. Merkulov,et al.  Patterned growth of individual and multiple vertically aligned carbon nanofibers , 2000 .

[18]  L. Zhen,et al.  Resonance-antiresonance electromagnetic behavior in a disordered dielectric composite , 2007 .

[19]  Xiaobo Chen,et al.  Hydrogenated TiO2 Nanocrystals: A Novel Microwave Absorbing Material , 2013, Advanced materials.

[20]  S. Or,et al.  Core/shell/shell-structured nickel/carbon/polyaniline nanocapsules with large absorbing bandwidth and absorber thickness range , 2014 .

[21]  Y. Chabal,et al.  Stability and Hydrolyzation of Metal Organic Frameworks with Paddle-Wheel SBUs upon Hydration , 2012, 1209.2564.

[22]  B. Doudin,et al.  Random and exchange anisotropy in consolidated nanostructured Fe and Ni: Role of grain size and trace oxides on the magnetic properties , 1998 .

[23]  W. Cao,et al.  Enhanced permittivity and multi-region microwave absorption of nanoneedle-like ZnO in the X-band at elevated temperature , 2015 .

[24]  K. Forooraghi,et al.  Synthesis and microwave absorption characterization of SiO2 coated Fe3O4-MWCNT composites. , 2014, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[25]  Jianguo Guan,et al.  Tunable dielectric properties and excellent microwave absorbing properties of elliptical Fe3O4 nanorings , 2016 .

[26]  S. Dou,et al.  Facile Synthesis of Fe3O4/GCs Composites and Their Enhanced Microwave Absorption Properties. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[27]  Eduardo Neiva,et al.  Nickel nanoparticles with hcp structure: Preparation, deposition as thin films and application as electrochemical sensor. , 2016, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[28]  B. Fan,et al.  Synthesis of flower-like CuS hollow microspheres based on nanoflakes self-assembly and their microwave absorption properties , 2015 .

[29]  Jie Yuan,et al.  The effects of temperature and frequency on the dielectric properties, electromagnetic interference shielding and microwave-absorption of short carbon fiber/silica composites , 2010 .

[30]  W. Schuhmann,et al.  Co@Co3O4 Encapsulated in Carbon Nanotube-Grafted Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Polyhedra as an Advanced Bifunctional Oxygen Electrode. , 2016, Angewandte Chemie.

[31]  Youwei Du,et al.  A novel Co/TiO2 nanocomposite derived from a metal–organic framework: synthesis and efficient microwave absorption , 2016 .

[32]  Tong Liu,et al.  Microporous Co@CoO nanoparticles with superior microwave absorption properties. , 2014, Nanoscale.

[33]  Fan Wu,et al.  Hybrid of MoS₂ and Reduced Graphene Oxide: A Lightweight and Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorber. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[34]  Jinghui He,et al.  Controllable Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Cubic and Hexagonal Phase Nickel Nanocrystals , 2007 .

[35]  H. Sözeri,et al.  Magnetic and microwave properties of BaFe12O19 substituted with magnetic, non-magnetic and dielectric ions , 2015 .

[36]  Lai-fei Cheng,et al.  Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties of Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified by Maghemite Colloidal Nanoparticle Clusters , 2013 .

[37]  Ying Wang,et al.  Metal organic framework-derived Fe/C nanocubes toward efficient microwave absorption , 2015 .

[38]  Zhenguo An,et al.  Facile large scale preparation and electromagnetic properties of silica-nickel-carbon composite shelly hollow microspheres. , 2016, Dalton transactions.

[39]  F. Gao,et al.  Acid-Resistant Catalysis without Use of Noble Metals: Carbon Nitride with Underlying Nickel , 2014 .

[40]  Xuefeng Zhang,et al.  High-Magnetization FeCo Nanochains with Ultrathin Interfacial Gaps for Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption at Gigahertz. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[41]  F. Kang,et al.  Carbon nanotubes filled with ferromagnetic alloy nanowires: Lightweight and wide-band microwave absorber , 2008 .

[42]  Yongfeng Li,et al.  Synthesis and microwave absorption property of flexible magnetic film based on graphene oxide/carbon nanotubes and Fe3O4 nanoparticles , 2014 .

[43]  J. Gong,et al.  Structural and magnetic properties of hcp and fcc Ni nanoparticles , 2008 .

[44]  Hao Huang,et al.  Enhanced microwave absorption by arrayed carbon fibers and gradient dispersion of Fe nanoparticles in epoxy resin composites , 2016 .

[45]  Bin Qiu,et al.  Nanostructured Electrode Materials Derived from Metal-Organic Framework Xerogels for High-Energy-Density Asymmetric Supercapacitor. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[46]  B. Wen,et al.  Temperature dependent microwave attenuation behavior for carbon-nanotube/silica composites , 2013 .

[47]  Tengfei Zhang,et al.  Broadband and Tunable High‐Performance Microwave Absorption of an Ultralight and Highly Compressible Graphene Foam , 2015, Advanced materials.

[48]  Hasmukh A. Patel,et al.  An Ultrahigh Pore Volume Drives Up the Amine Stability and Cyclic CO2 Capacity of a Solid‐Amine@Carbon Sorbent , 2015, Advanced materials.

[49]  Fan Wu,et al.  Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) modified spongelike polypyrrole (PPy) aerogel for excellent electromagnetic absorption , 2015 .

[50]  Yu Zhu,et al.  Metal Organic Frameworks Derived Hierarchical Hollow NiO/Ni/Graphene Composites for Lithium and Sodium Storage. , 2016, ACS nano.

[51]  Zhibin Yang,et al.  Cross‐Stacking Aligned Carbon‐Nanotube Films to Tune Microwave Absorption Frequencies and Increase Absorption Intensities , 2014, Advanced materials.

[52]  Lan-sun Zheng,et al.  MOF-Derived Porous Co/C Nanocomposites with Excellent Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[53]  Q. Cao,et al.  CoNi@SiO2@TiO2 and CoNi@Air@TiO2 Microspheres with Strong Wideband Microwave Absorption , 2016, Advanced materials.

[54]  Shiwei Lin,et al.  Microwave absorption properties of carbon nanocoils coated with highly controlled magnetic materials by atomic layer deposition. , 2012, ACS nano.

[55]  Youwei Du,et al.  Coin-like α-Fe2O3@CoFe2O4 core-shell composites with excellent electromagnetic absorption performance. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[56]  Jie Yuan,et al.  Dual nonlinear dielectric resonance and nesting microwave absorption peaks of hollow cobalt nanochains composites with negative permeability , 2009 .

[57]  Jianguo Guan,et al.  Rambutan-like Ni/MWCNT heterostructures: Easy synthesis, formation mechanism, and controlled static magnetic and microwave electromagnetic characteristics , 2014 .

[58]  Jaegeun Lee,et al.  Facile conversion of activated carbon to battery anode material using microwave graphitization , 2016 .