Impact of RSU Height on 60 GHz mmWave V2I LOS Communication in Multi-lane Highways

The WiGig Alliance has recently introduced IEEE 802.11ay that standardizes the use of 60 GHz millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency band for providing Gbps wireless connectivity on the move. However, for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) systems using such standards, network reliability must be ensured when safety-critical signaling information is exchanged. The signals at mmWave frequencies are more prone to attenuation loss, penetration loss, weather effects and blockage. Therefore, placement of road side units (RSUs) is crucial for directional beam alignment, proper signal projection and vehicle tracking. This paper investigates the minimum RSU height required in multi-lane highways to guarantee all-time 60 GHz line of sight (LOS) connectivity for different lanes. The effect of distance of RSU base from highway is also studied. Further, numerical results analyze how both signal strength and overall system data rate wane with RSU height. These results are extended to other mmWave bands as well.

[1]  Robert W. Heath,et al.  Beam Switching for Millimeter Wave Communication to Support High Speed Trains , 2015, 2015 IEEE 82nd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2015-Fall).

[2]  P.F.M. Smulders,et al.  Exploiting the 60 GHz band for local wireless multimedia access: prospects and future directions , 2002, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[3]  Guan Gui,et al.  6G: Opening New Horizons for Integration of Comfort, Security, and Intelligence , 2020, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[4]  Andrea Zanella,et al.  Coverage and Connectivity Analysis of Millimeter Wave Vehicular Networks , 2018, Ad Hoc Networks.

[5]  Ming Xiao,et al.  Millimeter Wave Communications for Future Mobile Networks , 2017, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[6]  Robert W. Heath,et al.  Beam design for beam switching based millimeter wave vehicle-to-infrastructure communications , 2016, 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[7]  Joongheon Kim,et al.  Enabling Gigabit services for IEEE 802.11ad-capable high-speed train networks , 2013, 2013 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium.

[8]  Hamed Mohammadi,et al.  Beam switching techniques for millimeter wave vehicle to infrastructure communications , 2017, 2017 7th International Conference on Computer and Knowledge Engineering (ICCKE).

[9]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Millimeter Wave Wireless Communications , 2014 .

[10]  Jörg Widmer,et al.  mm-Wave on wheels: Practical 60 GHz vehicular communication without beam training , 2017, 2017 9th International Conference on Communication Systems and Networks (COMSNETS).

[11]  Taeyoung Kim,et al.  Tens of Gbps support with mmWave beamforming systems for next generation communications , 2013, 2013 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM).

[12]  Yue Wang,et al.  Millimeter Wave LOS Coverage Enhancements with Coordinated High-Rise Access Points , 2017, 2017 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC).

[13]  Javier Lorca,et al.  Quantifying data rate and bandwidth requirements for immersive 5G experience , 2016, 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC).

[14]  Robert J. Piechocki,et al.  Modeling and Design of Millimeter-Wave Networks for Highway Vehicular Communication , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[15]  Robert W. Heath,et al.  Millimeter-Wave Vehicular Communication to Support Massive Automotive Sensing , 2016, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[16]  Ziwei Huang,et al.  Vehicular communication channel measurement, modelling, and application for beyond 5G and 6G , 2020, IET Commun..