“Policy options for the promotion of electric vehicles: a review”

The upward trend in fuel prices and the desire to reduce pollution levels mean that the electric vehicle has become an increasingly attractive alternative in recent years. The aim of this study is to examine the main barriers that the electric vehicle must overcome if it is to become a successful mode of transport and to review the main public policies that governments might implement to help in overcoming these obstacles. Public policies have been directed at four basic features of the electric vehicle: the charging network; increasing demand for these vehicles; industrialization and research and development programs; and the introduction of electric vehicles in programs of sustainable mobility. This article describes the public policies that have been implemented around the world to overcome the barriers to the adoption of electric vehicle so that it might become the vehicle of the future.

[1]  V. Royuela,et al.  Agglomeration, Inequality and Economic Growth: Cross-section and panel data analysis , 2012 .

[2]  Max Åhman,et al.  Government policy and the development of electric vehicles in Japan , 2006 .

[3]  Rosina Moreno,et al.  Assessing Agglomeration Economies in a Spatial Framework with Endogenous Regressors , 2009 .

[4]  Jens Perch Nielsen,et al.  Time-varying effects when analysing customer lifetime duration: application to the insurance market , 2006 .

[5]  K. S. Gallagher,et al.  Giving Green to Get Green: Incentives and Consumer Adoption of Hybrid Vehicle Technology , 2008 .

[6]  Robert C. Green,et al.  The impact of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on distribution networks: a review and outlook , 2010, IEEE PES General Meeting.

[7]  J. OfferG..  Comparative analysis of battery electric, hydrogen fuel cell and hybrid vehicles in a future sustainable road transport system , 2009 .

[8]  Miguel Santolino,et al.  The influence of decision-maker effort and case complexity on appealed rulings subject to multi-categorical selection , 2011 .

[9]  Florian Zettelmeyer,et al.  $1,000 Cash Back: The Pass-Through of Auto Manufacturer Promotions , 2006 .

[10]  Jordi Perdiguero,et al.  Debating as a Classroom Tool for Adapting Learning Outcomes to the European Higher Education Area , 2011 .

[11]  G. B. I. Queralt.  The First Privatization Policy in a Democracy: Selling State-Owned Enterprises in 1948-1950 Puerto Rico , 2009 .

[12]  Xavier Fageda,et al.  Price rivalry in airline markets: a study of a successful strategy of a network carrier against a low-cost carrier , 2011 .

[13]  D. Diamond.  The impact of government incentives for hybrid-electric vehicles: Evidence from US states , 2009 .

[14]  Vicente Royuela,et al.  An analysis of the determinants in Economics and Business publications by Spanish universities between 1994 and 2004 , 2007, Scientometrics.

[15]  E. López‐Bazo,et al.  The regional distribution of unemployment: What do micro‐data tell us? , 2013 .

[16]  David F. Pyke,et al.  Electric vehicles: The role and importance of standards in an emerging market , 2010 .

[17]  Edward Huang.  Do Public Subsidies Sell Green Cars? Evidence from the U.S. 'Cash for Clunkers' Program , 2010 .

[18]  T. Sterner.  Fuel taxes : An important instrument for climate policy , 2007 .

[19]  Jaime Martínez-Martín.  General equilibrium long-run determinants for Spanish FDI: a spatial panel data approach , 2011 .

[20]  Juan Luis Jiménez,et al.  Are car manufacturers on the way to reduce CO2 emissions?: A DEA approach , 2013 .

[21]  P. Claeys,et al.  Fiscal Sustainability across Government Tiers: An Assessment of Soft Budget Constraints , 2007 .

[22]  F. Manca,et al.  A missing spatial link in institutional quality , 2011 .

[23]  Winston Harrington,et al.  Determinants of Participation in Accelerated Vehicle-Retirement Programs , 1995 .

[24]  Donald Karner,et al.  Hybrid and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle performance testing by the US Department of Energy Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity , 2007 .

[25]  Jordi Perdiguero,et al.  Mergers and difference-in-difference estimator: Why firms do not increase prices? , 2018 .

[26]  Rosina Moreno,et al.  A Relational Approach to the Geography of Innovation: A Typology of Regions , 2012 .

[27]  Vicente Royuela Mora,et al.  La reforma de la contratación en el mercado de trabajo: entre la flexibilidad y la seguridad , 2010 .

[28]  Michael Sivak,et al.  The Effect of the “Cash for Clunkers” Program on the Overall Fuel Economy of Purchased New Vehicles , 2009 .

[29]  Jordi Suriñach,et al.  How Important to a City are Tourists and Day-Trippers? The Economic Impact of Tourism on the City of Barcelona , 2013 .

[30]  Max Åhman,et al.  Primary energy efficiency of alternative powertrains in vehicles , 2001 .

[31]  Raquel Ortega-Argilés,et al.  Evidence on the role of ownership structure on firms' innovative performance , 2009 .

[32]  Marta Gómez-Puig,et al.  Causality and Contagion in Peripheral EMU Public Debt Markets: A Dynamic Approach , 2011 .

[33]  Daniel Albalate,et al.  Lowering Blood Alcohol Content Levels to Save Lives: The European Experience , 2008 .

[34]  Xavier Fageda,et al.  Does privatization spur regulation? Evidence from the regulatory reform of European airports , 2010 .

[35]  Xavier Fageda,et al.  Similar problems, different solutions: comparing refuse collection in the Netherlands and Spain. , 2008, Public administration.

[36]  Vicente Royuela Mora,et al.  Defining housing market areas using commuting and migration algorithms.Catalonia (Spain) as an applied case study , 2007 .

[37]  G. Bel,et al.  Speed limit laws in America: Economics, politics and geography , 2010 .

[38]  Jaime Martinez Martin.  On the Dynamics of Exports and FDI: The Spanish Internationalization Process , 2010 .

[39]  Juan Luis Jiménez,et al.  "Price differences between domestic and international air markets: an empirical application to routes from Gran Canaria" , 2012 .

[40]  Shanjun Li,et al.  Gasoline Prices, Government Support, and the Demand for Hybrid Vehicles in the United States , 2011 .

[41]  Manuela Pulina,et al.  Tourism and Exports as a means of Growth , 2009 .

[42]  Xavier Fageda,et al.  Air services on thin routes: Regional versus low-cost airlines , 2012 .

[43]  E. López‐Bazo,et al.  The Spatial Distribution of Human Capital: Can It Really Be Explained by Regional Differences in Market Access? , 2011 .

[44]  Frank J. Convery,et al.  The impact of fiscal and other measures on new passenger car sales and CO2 emissions intensity: Evidence from Europe , 2009 .

[45]  David Dallinger,et al.  New business models for electric cars: A holistic approach , 2011 .

[46]  Montserrat Guillén,et al.  Prediction of the Economic Cost of Individual Long-Term Care in the Spanish Population , 2010 .

[47]  Raúl Ramos Lobo,et al.  Is the Wage Curve Formal or Informal? Evidence for Colombia , 2009 .

[48]  Max Åhman.  Primary energy efficiency of alternative powertrains in vehicles , 2002 .

[49]  Ismael Gomez-Miguelez,et al.  Singling Out Individual Inventors from Patent Data , 2011 .

[50]  B. C. Karahasan,et al.  Location Patterns of Creative Capital and Regional Disparities in Spain , 2012 .

[51]  Juan C. Duque,et al.  Supervised Regionalization Methods: A Survey , 2007 .

[52]  Poul Houman Andersen,et al.  Integrating private transport into renewable energy policy: The strategy of creating intelligent recharging grids for electric vehicles , 2009 .

[53]  Thomas H. Bradley,et al.  Analysis of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle utility factors , 2010 .

[54]  Miguel Santolino,et al.  Modelling the disability severity score in motor insurance claims: an application to the Spanish case , 2009 .

[55]  Steven J. Skerlos,et al.  Targeting plug-in hybrid electric vehicle policies to increase social benefits , 2010 .

[56]  M. Kandlikar,et al.  Green Drivers or Free Riders? An Analysis of Tax Rebates for Hybrid Vehicles , 2010 .

[57]  J. Jiménez,et al.  Does Rigidity of Prices Hide Collusion? , 2012 .

[58]  A. Wiederer,et al.  Policy options for electric vehicle charging infrastructure in C40 cities , 2010 .

[59]  Jordi Perdiguero,et al.  Vertical relations and local competition: an empirical approach , 2011 .

[60]  Sukumar Kamalasadan,et al.  The Challenges and Policy Options for Integrating Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle into the Electric Grid , 2010 .

[61]  J. Merigó,et al.  The connection between distortion risk measures and ordered weighted averaging operators , 2013 .

[62]  Manuela Alcañiz,et al.  Factors affecting hospital admission and recovery stay duration of in-patient motor victims in Spain. , 2012, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[63]  Y. Chen,et al.  The economic and fiscal contribution of the "cash for clunkers" program: national and state effects , 2010 .

[64]  A. Osorio,et al.  "Measuring early childhood health: a composite index comparing Colombian departments" , 2011 .

[65]  Joan M. Ogden,et al.  The future of electric two-wheelers and electric vehicles in China , 2008 .

[66]  Sheldon S. Williamson,et al.  Electric and Plug‐In Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2014 .

[67]  J. Suriñach,et al.  Productivity and innovation spillovers: Micro evidence from Spain , 2011 .

[68]  Daniel Albalate,et al.  "Privatization and PPPS in transportation infrastructure: Network effects of increasing user fees" , 2011 .

[69]  Miguel Santolino,et al.  Influence of the claimant’s behavioural features on motor compensation outcomes , 2011 .

[70]  Stanton W. Hadley,et al.  Potential Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Regional Power Generation , 2009 .

[71]  G. B. I. Queralt.  Infrastructure and nation building: The regulation and financing of network transportation infrastructures in Spain (1720-2010) , 2010 .

[72]  Bill Canis,et al.  Accelerated Vehicle Retirement for Fuel Economy: Cash for Clunkers. , 2010 .