Effect of 830-nm laser light on the repair of bone defects grafted with inorganic bovine bone and decalcified cortical osseous membrane.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess histologically the effect of LLLT (lambda830 nm) on the repair of standardized bone defects on the femur of Wistar albinus rats grafted with inorganic bovine bone and associated or not to decalcified bovine cortical bone membrane. BACKGROUND DATA Bone loss may be a result of several pathologies, trauma or a consequence of surgical procedures. This led to extensive studies on the process of bone repair and development of techniques for the correction of bone defects, including the use of several types of grafts, membranes and the association of both techniques. There is evidence in the literature of the positive effect of LLLT on the healing of soft tissue wounds. However, its effect on bone is not completely understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five randomized groups were studied: Group I (Control); Group IIA (Gen-ox); Group IIB (Gen-ox + LLLT); Group IIIA (Gen-ox + Gen-derm) and Group IIIB (Gen-ox + Gen-derm + LLLT). Bone defects were created at the femur of the animals and were treated according to the group. The animals of the irradiated groups were irradiated every 48 h during 15 days; the first irradiation was performed immediately after the surgical procedure. The animals were irradiated transcutaneously in four points around the defect. At each point a dose of 4 J/cm2 was given (phi approximately 0.6 mm, 40 mW) and the total dose per session was 16 J/cm2. The animals were humanely killed 15, 21, and 30 days after surgery. The specimens were routinely processed to wax, serially cut, and stained with H&E and Picrosirius stains and analyzed under light microscopy. RESULTS The results showed evidence of a more advanced repair on the irradiated groups when compared to non-irradiated ones. The repair of irradiated groups was characterized by both increased bone formation and amount of collagen fibers around the graft within the cavity since the 15th day after surgery, through analysis of the osteoconductive capacity of the Gen-ox and the increment of the cortical repair in specimens with Gen-derm membrane. CONCLUSION It is concluded that LLLT had a positive effect on the repair of bone defect submitted the implantation of graft.

[1]  U. Covani,et al.  Periodontal tissue regeneration in beagle dogs after laser therapy , 1997, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[2]  R. Brentani,et al.  Picrosirius staining plus polarization microscopy, a specific method for collagen detection in tissue sections , 1979, The Histochemical Journal.

[3]  W. P. Van De Merwe,et al.  Low power laser irradiation alters the rate of regeneration of the rat facial nerve , 1993, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[4]  R. McCarthy,et al.  Effect of helium‐neon and infrared laser irradiation on wound healing in rabbits , 1989, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[5]  P. Alberius,et al.  Osseous response to implanted natural bone mineral and synthetic hydroxylapatite ceramic in the repair of experimental skull bone defects. , 1992, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[6]  J. Kana,et al.  Effect of low-power density laser radiation on healing of open skin wounds in rats. , 1981, Archives of surgery.

[7]  R. Genco,et al.  Guided bone regeneration around endosseous implants with anorganic bovine bone mineral. A randomized controlled trial comparing bioabsorbable versus non-resorbable barriers. , 2000, Journal of periodontology.

[8]  S. McDonough,et al.  Low Intensity laser therapy (830nm) in the management of minor postsurgical wounds: A controlled clinical study , 2001, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[9]  M Nissan,et al.  Effect of low‐power He‐Ne laser on fracture healing in rats , 1996, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[10]  Hana Kolarova,et al.  Penetration of the laser light into the skin in vitro , 1999 .

[11]  P. Alberius,et al.  Osteopromotion for cranioplasty. An experimental study in rats using a membrane technique. , 1991, Journal of neurosurgery.

[12]  C. Enwemeka,et al.  Laser photostimulation of collagen production in healing rabbit achilles tendons , 1998, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[13]  E. L. Batista,et al.  Guided tissue regeneration associated with bovine-derived anorganic bone in mandibular class II furcation defects. 6-month results at re-entry. , 2000, Journal of periodontology.

[14]  S. O'Kane,et al.  Low intensity laser irradiation inhibits tritiated thymidine incorporation in the hemopoietic cell lines HL‐60 and U937 , 1994, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[15]  A. Kuijpers-Jagtman,et al.  Effect of low level laser therapy on wound healing after palatal surgery in Beagle dogs , 1991, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[16]  Y. Abiko,et al.  Low‐energy diode laser irradiation reduced plasminogen activator activity in human periodontal ligament cells , 1997, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[17]  M. Rohrer,et al.  Use of bovine-derived hydroxyapatite in the treatment of edentulous ridge defects: a human clinical and histologic case report. , 1993, Journal of periodontology.

[18]  N Kipshidze,et al.  Low‐power helium: Neon laser irradiation enhances production of vascular endothelial growth factor and promotes growth of endothelial cells in vitro , 2001, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[19]  E Mester,et al.  Effect of laser rays on wound healing. , 1971, American journal of surgery.

[20]  S Saito,et al.  Stimulatory effects of low-power laser irradiation on bone regeneration in midpalatal suture during expansion in the rat. , 1997, American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics.

[21]  Semion Rochkind,et al.  Systemic effects of low‐power laser irradiation on the peripheral and central nervous system, cutaneous wounds, and burns , 1989, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[22]  A. Korenyi-both,et al.  Stimulation of wound healing by means of laser rays. (Clinical and electron microscopical study). , 1973, Acta chirurgica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae.

[23]  Tiina I. Karu,et al.  Irradiation with HeNe laser increases ATP level in cells cultivated in vitro , 1995 .

[24]  H. Rydén,et al.  Effect of low level energy laser irradiation on wound healing. An experimental study in rats. , 1994, Swedish dental journal.

[25]  J. Mazánek,et al.  Low-level laser therapy after molar extraction. , 2000, Journal of clinical laser medicine & surgery.

[26]  C. Hammerle,et al.  The combined use of bioresorbable membranes and xenografts or autografts in the treatment of bone defects around implants. A study in beagle dogs. , 1999, Clinical oral implants research.

[27]  J. Basford,et al.  Low intensity laser therapy: Still not an established clinical tool , 1995, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[28]  S. Dekel,et al.  Effect of low‐power laser irradiation on the mechanical properties of bone fracture healing in rats , 1998, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[29]  R Wilson,et al.  Effects of Low Energy Laser on Wound Healing In a Porcine Model , 1984, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[30]  R. Haas,et al.  Biostimulation of bone marrow cells with a diode soft laser. , 2000, Clinical oral implants research.

[31]  Nili Grossman,et al.  780 nm low power diode laser irradiation stimulates proliferation of keratinocyte cultures: Involvement of reactive oxygen species , 1998, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[32]  N. Shimizu,et al.  Effects of low‐energy laser irradiation on bone remodeling during experimental tooth movement in rats , 2000, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[33]  M R Treat,et al.  Helium‐neon laser irradiation at fluences of 1, 2, and 4 J/cm2 failed to accelerate wound healing as assessed by both wound contracture rate and tensile strength , 1997, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[34]  Hans H. F. I. van Breugel,et al.  Power density and exposure time of He‐Ne laser irradiation are more important than total energy dose in photo‐biomodulation of human fibroblasts in vitro , 1992, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[35]  U. Oron,et al.  Effect of low-energy laser (He-Ne) irradiation on the process of bone repair in the rat tibia. , 1995, Bone.

[36]  Y Abiko,et al.  Low-energy laser irradiation stimulates bone nodule formation at early stages of cell culture in rat calvarial cells. , 1998, Bone.

[37]  J. Naim,et al.  Effects of photostimulation on wound healing in diabetic mice , 1997, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[38]  D. Hirst,et al.  Effect of low‐intensity laser irradiation (660 nm) on a radiation‐impaired wound‐healing model in murine skin , 2000, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[39]  M A Trelles,et al.  Bone fracture consolidates faster with low‐power laser , 1987, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[40]  U. Oron,et al.  Promotion of Bone Repair in the Cortical Bone of the Tibia in Rats by Low Energy Laser (He-Ne) Irradiation , 1996, Calcified Tissue International.

[41]  H. Haanaes,et al.  Alveolar ridge augmentation in rats by Bio-Oss. , 1991, Scandinavian journal of dental research.

[42]  J. Wozney,et al.  Periodontal repair in dogs: recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 significantly enhances periodontal regeneration. , 1995, Journal of periodontology.

[43]  F. C. Batista,et al.  Use of bovine-derived anorganic bone associated with guided tissue regeneration in intrabony defects. Six-month evaluation at re-entry. , 1999, Journal of periodontology.

[44]  A. Pinheiro,et al.  Low-level laser therapy in the management of disorders of the maxillofacial region. , 1997, Journal of clinical laser medicine & surgery.

[45]  M Busch,et al.  Biomodulative effects induced by 805 nm laser light irradiation of normal and tumor cells. , 1997, Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology.