Study of the properties of nanocomposites based on thermally-treated-polyacrylonitrile (review)

Organic semiconductors and novel carbon forms (fullerene, carbon nanotubes, carbon foam, graphene) promote synthesis of carbon nanocomposites with modified properties based on thermally treated polyacrylonitrile (TPAN) that comprises curved (spherical, ring-like, and tube-like) carbon planes. Here we present a review of the studies regarding the properties of TPAN-based nanocomposites. The features of the IR irradiation procedure with a synergetic effect and the mechanism of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) transformation into carbon nanocrystalline material (CNM) have been analyzed. The developed method is promising for the synthesis of luminescent carbon nanostructures and biocompatible carbon nanostructures with high sensitivity to pH medium; metal-polymer nanocomposites (Ag/PAN, Cu/PAN, Fe3O4/TPAN), which can be used in electronics, catalysis, and in water purification from heavy metals, etc. The results obtained may be used to synthesize TPAN-based novel nanocomposites with modified properties.

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