Relay Protection Coordination Integrated Optimal Placement and Sizing of Distributed Generation Sources in Distribution Networks

The integration of distributed generation (DG) sources can cause significant impacts on distribution networks, particularly the changes in magnitudes and directions of short circuit currents that may lead to false tripping or fail to trip over-current protection relays in the system. It is expensive and technically challenging to redesign/reconfigure and/or to replace the original protection system for a distribution network. If not appropriately handled, this issue can be a big hurdle before the wide use of DG. Based on the impact analysis of the number of DGs, their locations and capacities upon short circuit currents, this paper presents an optimal DG placement method to maximize the penetration level of DG in distribution networks without changing the original relay protection schemes. Genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal locations and sizes of DG in distribution networks. Simulation studies have been carried out on a three-feeder test distribution network and a widely used 33-node test system to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

[1]  E. Lopez,et al.  Minimal loss reconfiguration using genetic algorithms with restricted population and addressed operators: real application , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[2]  Felix F. Wu,et al.  Network Reconfiguration in Distribution Systems for Loss Reduction and Load Balancing , 1989, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[3]  Caisheng Wang,et al.  Analytical approaches for optimal placement of distributed generation sources in power systems , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[4]  Nima Amjady,et al.  A new evolutionary solution method for dynamic expansion planning of DG-integrated primary distribution networks , 2014 .

[5]  J. Sadeh,et al.  Effect of distributed generation capacity on the coordination of protection system of distribution network , 2010, 2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA).

[6]  Weidong Xiao,et al.  Determining Optimal Location and Size of Distributed Generation Resources Considering Harmonic and Protection Coordination Limits , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[7]  Krischonme Bhumkittipich,et al.  Optimal Placement and Sizing of Distributed Generation for Power Loss Reduction Using Particle Swarm Optimization , 2013 .

[8]  Le Yi Wang,et al.  A new transfer impedance based system equivalent model for voltage stability analysis , 2014 .

[9]  A. Girgis,et al.  Effect of distributed generation on protective device coordination in distribution system , 2001, LESCOPE 01. 2001 Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering. Conference Proceedings. Theme: Powering Beyond 2001 (Cat. No.01ex490).

[10]  M. M. Aman,et al.  A new approach for optimum DG placement and sizing based on voltage stability maximization and minimization of power losses , 2013 .

[11]  Graham Ault,et al.  Multi-objective planning of distributed energy resources: A review of the state-of-the-art , 2010 .

[12]  Bundhit Eua-arporn,et al.  DETERMINATION OF ALLOWABLE CAPACITY OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION WITH PROTECTION COORDINATION CONSIDERATION , 2009 .

[13]  Luis F. Ochoa,et al.  Assessing the Potential of Network Reconfiguration to Improve Distributed Generation Hosting Capacity in Active Distribution Systems , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[14]  Murali Matcha,et al.  Adaptive Relaying of Radial Distribution System with Distributed Generation , 2013 .

[15]  M. Alex,et al.  Impact due to the application Location of a Dispersed generation on the distribution system Protection with SFCL Application Using PSCAD , 2013, 2013 International Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability.

[16]  E. J. Coster,et al.  Effect on DG on distribution grid protection , 2010 .

[17]  Hadi Saadat,et al.  Power System Analysis , 1998 .

[18]  M. M. Aman,et al.  Optimal placement and sizing of a DG based on a new power stability index and line losses , 2012 .

[19]  Yang Wang,et al.  Adaptive Real Power Capping Method for Fair Overvoltage Regulation of Distribution Networks With High Penetration of PV Systems , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[20]  Qing-Chang Zhong,et al.  Synchronverters: Inverters That Mimic Synchronous Generators , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[21]  Hartmut Pohlheim,et al.  Genetic and evolutionary algorithm toolbox for use with matlab , 1994 .

[22]  K. Ravindra,et al.  Power Loss Minimization in Distribution System Using Network Reconfiguration in the Presence of Distributed Generation , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[23]  S. Favuzza,et al.  Investigating the effect of distributed generators on traditional protection in radial distribution systems , 2013, 2013 IEEE Grenoble Conference.

[24]  Nikos D. Hatziargyriou,et al.  Optimal Distributed Generation Placement in Power Distribution Networks : Models , Methods , and Future Research , 2013 .

[25]  I. Helal,et al.  Environmentally constrained siting and sizing of Distributed Generation , 2012, IEEE Power and Energy Society Conference and Exposition in Africa: Intelligent Grid Integration of Renewable Energy Resources (PowerAfrica).

[26]  Nadarajah Mithulananthan,et al.  Multiple Distributed Generator Placement in Primary Distribution Networks for Loss Reduction , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[27]  A.A. Girgis,et al.  Development of adaptive protection scheme for distribution systems with high penetration of distributed generation , 2004, 2003 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37491).

[28]  Yun Wei Li,et al.  A New Control Strategy to Mitigate the Impact of Inverter-Based DGs on Protection System , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[29]  Bala Venkatesh,et al.  Optimal reconfiguration of radial distribution systems to maximize loadability , 2004 .

[30]  Vishal Kumar,et al.  Optimal placement of wind-based generation in distribution networks , 2011 .

[31]  J. J. Grainger,et al.  Distribution feeder reconfiguration for loss reduction , 1988 .

[32]  Heinz Mühlenbein,et al.  The parallel genetic algorithm as function optimizer , 1991, Parallel Comput..

[33]  Hong Cui.  Optimal Allocation of Distributed Generation in Distributed Network , 2012, 2012 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference.