Assessment of Renewable Sources for the Energy Consumption in Malta in the Mediterranean Sea

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the energy production in the Maltese islands, focusing on the employment of renewable energies in order to increase their energy independence. The main renewable source here proposed is wave energy: thanks to a strategic position, Malta will be able to produce electrical energy using an innovative type of Wave Energy Converter (WEC) based on the prototype of a linear generator realized by University of Palermo. The use of this new technology will be able to cut down the electrical energy production from traditional power plants and, consequently, the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Wave energy source and off-shore photovoltaic (PV) technology are here proposed. Particularly, the installation of 12 wave farms, for a total installed capacity of 86 MW, will generate about 9.5% of Malta’s energy requirement in 2025, while the installation of 9.6 MW of off-shore PV will generate about 0.73%.

[1]  Julia Fernandez Chozas,et al.  The Potential for Wave Energy in the North Sea , 2010 .

[2]  G. Cipriani,et al.  An inertial system for the production of electricity and hydrogen from sea wave energy , 2015, OCEANS 2015 - MTS/IEEE Washington.

[3]  Francesco Maria Raimondi,et al.  Design of wave energy converter (WEC): A prototype installed in Sicily , 2015, OCEANS 2015 - Genova.

[4]  Daniele Milone,et al.  Energy Savings through Integration of the Illumination Natural and Artificial, Using a System of Automatic Dimming: Case Study , 2013 .

[5]  V. Di Dio,et al.  Energy and Economic Comparison of Different Conditioning System among Traditional and Eco-Sustainable Building , 2013 .

[6]  Kim Trapani,et al.  Proposing offshore photovoltaic (PV) technology to the energy mix of the Maltese islands , 2013 .

[7]  Charles Yousif,et al.  The renewable energy potential of the Maltese Islands , 2005 .

[8]  Busuttil Antoine,et al.  Energy scenarios for Malta , 2008 .

[9]  F. Asdrubali,et al.  Influence of new fac tors on global energy prospects in the medium term: compar ison among the 2010, 2011 and 2012 editions of the IEA’s World Energy Outlook reports , 2014 .

[10]  A. Mazzino,et al.  Wave energy resource assessment in the Mediterranean Sea on the basis of a 35-year hindcast , 2016 .

[11]  A. Clément,et al.  Wave energy in Europe: current status and perspectives , 2002 .

[12]  Pasquale Contestabile,et al.  Wave energy potential in the north-west of Sardinia (Italy) , 2013 .

[13]  K. Shadan,et al.  Available online: , 2012 .

[14]  Angelo Milone,et al.  Experimental Evidence on the Thermal Performance of Opaque Surfaces in Mediterranean Climate , 2013 .

[15]  Antonio Messineo,et al.  Using Recurrent Artificial Neural Networks to Forecast Household Electricity Consumption , 2012 .

[16]  John Ringwood,et al.  Control-Influenced Layout Optimization of Arrays of Wave Energy Converters , 2014 .

[17]  Andrea Presciutti,et al.  Development of a greenhouse gas accounting GIS-based tool to support local policy making—application to an Italian municipality , 2013 .

[18]  V. Franzitta,et al.  Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of Wave Energy Converter (WEC) , 2015, OCEANS 2015 - Genova.

[19]  Nicolas Guillou,et al.  Numerical modelling of nearshore wave energy resource in the Sea of Iroise , 2015 .

[20]  Angelo Milone,et al.  A Case Study to Evaluate the Indoor Global Quality , 2013 .

[21]  M. Trapanese,et al.  Description of hysteresis of Nickel Metal Hydride Battery , 2012, IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[22]  C. Galdies,et al.  The Climate of Malta: statistics, trends and analysis 1951-2010 , 2011 .

[23]  M. Trapanese,et al.  The Jiles Atherton model for description of hysteresis in lithium battery , 2013, 2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC).

[24]  Charles Yousif,et al.  Comparison of solar radiation in Marsaxlokk, Malta and Valladolid, Spain , 2013 .

[25]  Vincenzo Franzitta,et al.  Design and experimental test of a low costweather buoy , 2013, 2013 MTS/IEEE OCEANS - Bergen.

[26]  Giorgio Baldinelli,et al.  Evaluating in situ thermal transmittance of green buildings masonries—A case study , 2014 .

[27]  António F.O. Falcão,et al.  Wave energy utilization: A review of the technologies , 2010 .

[28]  Angelo Milone,et al.  A Procedure to Evaluate the Indoor Global Quality by a Sub Objective-Objective Procedure , 2013 .

[29]  Antonio Messineo,et al.  Assessment of olive wastes as energy source: pyrolysis, torrefaction and the key role of H loss in thermal breakdown , 2015 .

[30]  Daniele Milone,et al.  Design of Bilateral Switched Reluctance Linear Generator to Convert Wave Energy: Case Study in Sicily , 2013 .

[31]  Sauro Longhi,et al.  Fuzzy logic home energy consumption modeling for residential photovoltaic plant sizing in the new Italian scenario , 2014 .

[32]  Joel Azzopardi,et al.  Assessing the offshore wave energy potential for the Maltese islands , 2013 .

[33]  Gregorio Iglesias,et al.  Wave energy and nearshore hot spots: The case of the SE Bay of Biscay , 2010 .

[34]  Vincenzo Franzitta,et al.  A dynamic model for hysteresis in magnetostrictive devices , 2014 .

[35]  Marco Trapanese,et al.  Design of a transverse flux machine for power generation from seawaves , 2014 .