SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF WIDE-AREA EVACUATION IN DENSELY BUILT-UP WOODEN RESIDENTIAL AREAS AFTER A LARGE EARTHQUAKE INCORPORATING RESCUE ACTIVITIES BY LOCAL RESIDENTS

In order to reduce human casualties, rescue activities by local residents as well as public rescue teams play an important role immediately after an earthquake occurs. In this paper, we incorporate rescue activities by local residents into the widearea evacuation simulation model which we have previously developed. Using this simulation model, we demonstrate the effectiveness of rescue activities by local residents in densely built-up wooden residential areas in the aftermath of a large earthquake. Moreover, we attempt to describe the relationships among elapsed time from an earthquake occurrence, property damages, human casualties and people engaged in rescue activities. Additionally, we analyze characteristics of places where many people might be dead or trapped on a street.