United States and European Students' Social-Networking Site Activities and Academic Performance

Different cultures communicate differently. Research is beginning to examine the differences in culture related to social-networking site SNS use. Differences in specific SNS activities related to academic performance among United States US; n = 446 and European n = 394 university students were examined. Moderated Multiple Regressions indicated that using SNSs for "career" and "school" were positively predictive of Grade Point Average GPA for both US and European students. For US students, "staying in touch with online friends" was negatively predictive. Results highlight the positive and negative relationships between various SNS activities and GPA, but specifically the use of SNSs for academic versus socialization purposes cross-culturally.

[1]  G. Hofstede Culture′s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations Across Nations , 2001 .

[2]  Reynol Junco,et al.  The relationship between frequency of Facebook use, participation in Facebook activities, and student engagement , 2012, Comput. Educ..

[3]  Michael Stefanone,et al.  Online and Offline Social Networks: Investigating Culturally-Specific Behavior and Satisfaction , 2010, 2010 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

[4]  Paul A. Kirschner,et al.  Facebook® and academic performance , 2010, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[5]  Reynol Junco,et al.  Too much face and not enough books: The relationship between multiple indices of Facebook use and academic performance , 2012, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[6]  L. Eby Book Review: Survey Research Methods, 3rd ed., by Floyd J. Fowler Jr. (2002). Thousand Oaks, Ca: Sage. , 2003 .

[7]  S. Monsell,et al.  Costs of a predictible switch between simple cognitive tasks. , 1995 .

[8]  E. Hargittai,et al.  Digital Distinction: Status-Specific Types of Internet Usage , 2009 .

[9]  Virginia Morrow,et al.  Conceptualising Social Capital in Relation to the Well-Being of Children and Young People: A Critical Review , 1999 .

[10]  Klaas Sijtsma,et al.  Reliability Beyond Theory and Into Practice , 2008, Psychometrika.

[11]  Louis Leung,et al.  Instant Messaging Addiction among Teenagers in China: Shyness, Alienation, and Academic Performance Decrement , 2009, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[12]  William B. Gudykunst,et al.  The Influence of Cultural Individualism-Collectivism, Self Construals, and Individual Values on Communication Styles Across Cultures , 1996 .

[13]  Syarif Husin Lubis,et al.  The Relationship between Time Spent on Facebook and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) Among Third Year Biomedical Science Students in Faculty Health Sciences, UKM , 2012 .

[14]  S. Maxwell Sample size and multiple regression analysis. , 2000, Psychological methods.

[15]  Ishfaq Ahmed,et al.  A look out for academic impacts of Social networking sites (SNSs): A student based perspective , 2011 .

[16]  Kristy J. Lauver,et al.  Do psychosocial and study skill factors predict college outcomes? A meta-analysis. , 2004, Psychological bulletin.

[17]  Clifford Nass,et al.  Cognitive control in media multitaskers , 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[18]  Jomon Aliyas Paul,et al.  Effect of online social networking on student academic performance , 2012, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[19]  Eszter Hargittai,et al.  Digital Inequality , 2008, Commun. Res..

[20]  Reynol Junco,et al.  Student class standing, Facebook use, and academic performance , 2015 .

[21]  N. Ellison,et al.  Social capital, self-esteem, and use of online social network sites: A longitudinal analysis , 2008 .

[22]  Leysia Palen,et al.  Chatting with teenagers: Considering the place of chat technologies in teen life , 2006, TCHI.

[23]  Klaas Sijtsma,et al.  On the Use, the Misuse, and the Very Limited Usefulness of Cronbach’s Alpha , 2008, Psychometrika.

[24]  Larry D. Rosen,et al.  An Empirical Examination of the Educational Impact of Text Message-Induced Task Switching in the Classroom: Educational Implications and Strategies to Enhance Learning , 2011 .

[25]  Leman Pinar Tosun Motives for Facebook use and expressing "true self" on the Internet , 2012, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[26]  A. Hayes Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach , 2013 .

[27]  Sylvia Hurtado,et al.  Effects of college transition and perceptions of the campus racial climate on Latino college students' sense of belonging. , 1997 .

[28]  Paul A. Kirschner,et al.  A Cross-cultural Qualitative Examination of Social-networking Sites and Academic Performance , 2014 .

[29]  Ernest T. Pascarella,et al.  How College Affects Students: A Third Decade of Research. Volume 2. , 2005 .

[30]  R. Mayer,et al.  Nine Ways to Reduce Cognitive Load in Multimedia Learning , 2003 .

[31]  W. Revelle,et al.  Coefficients Alpha, Beta, Omega, and the glb: Comments on Sijtsma , 2009 .

[32]  Andrew Lepp,et al.  The relationship between cell phone use, academic performance, anxiety, and Satisfaction with Life in college students , 2014, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[33]  Douglas R. Vogel,et al.  Can learning be virtually boosted? An investigation of online social networking impacts , 2010, Comput. Educ..

[34]  Brenda K. Wiederhold,et al.  Exposure Therapy with and without Virtual Reality to Treat PTSD while in the Combat Theater: A Parallel Case Series , 2009, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[35]  J. Jonides,et al.  Facebook Use Predicts Declines in Subjective Well-Being in Young Adults , 2013, PloS one.

[36]  P. Lachenbruch Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.) , 1989 .

[37]  J. Meek,et al.  Facebook, social integration and informal learning at university: ‘It is more for socialising and talking to friends about work than for actually doing work’ , 2009 .

[38]  Moez Limayem,et al.  Online Customer Stickiness: A Longitudinal Study , 2002, J. Glob. Inf. Manag..

[39]  Sandra L. Calvert,et al.  College students' social networking experiences on Facebook , 2009 .

[40]  P. Kirschner,et al.  Do Learners Really Know Best? Urban Legends in Education , 2013 .

[41]  Jin-Liang Wang,et al.  Cultural differences in social networking site use: A comparative study of China and the United States , 2013, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[42]  Paul A. Kirschner,et al.  An exploration of social networking site use, multitasking, and academic performance among United States and European university students , 2013, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[43]  Felix B. Tan,et al.  Beyond Models of National Culture in Information Systems Research , 2002, J. Glob. Inf. Manag..

[44]  A. Rubin,et al.  Predictors of Internet Use , 2000 .

[45]  Marika Lüders,et al.  Too Many Facebook “Friends”? Content Sharing and Sociability Versus the Need for Privacy in Social Network Sites , 2010, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact..

[46]  Reynol Junco,et al.  The Effect of Gender, Ethnicity, and Income on College Students' Use of Communication Technologies , 2010, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[47]  H. Huynh ON THE RELIABILITY OF DECISIONS IN DOMAIN‐REFERENCED TESTING , 1976 .

[48]  Regina J. J. M. van den Eijnden,et al.  The Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS): Some Psychometric Properties , 2009, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[49]  Shelia R. Cotten,et al.  Perceived academic effects of instant messaging use , 2011, Comput. Educ..

[50]  David E. Meyer,et al.  Executive control of cognitive processes in task switching. , 2001 .

[51]  Josh Pasek,et al.  Facebook and Academic Performance: Reconciling a Media Sensation with Data , 2009, First Monday.

[52]  Reynol Junco,et al.  The effect of Twitter on college student engagement and grades , 2011, J. Comput. Assist. Learn..

[53]  Gina M. Garramone,et al.  Uses of political computer bulletin boards , 1986 .

[54]  Lindsay T. Graham,et al.  A Review of Facebook Research in the Social Sciences , 2012, Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.

[55]  Jonathan Rosen,et al.  Distractions, Distractions: Does Instant Messaging Affect College Students' Performance on a Concurrent Reading Comprehension Task? , 2009, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[56]  Eric H. Kessler,et al.  Student Networking Behavior, Culture, and Grade Performance: An Empirical Study and Pedagogical Recommendations , 2004 .

[57]  Ethan A. Kolek,et al.  Online Disclosure: An Empirical Examination of Undergraduate Facebook Profiles , 2008 .

[58]  Nick Couldry,et al.  Youthful steps towards civic participation: does the internet help? , 2007 .

[59]  Christopher N. Chapman,et al.  International ethnographic observation of social networking sites , 2008, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[60]  Megan A. Moreno,et al.  Problematic internet use among older adolescents: A conceptual framework , 2013, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[61]  Edgar Erdfelder,et al.  G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences , 2007, Behavior research methods.

[62]  Lin Qiu,et al.  Cultural Differences and Switching of In-Group Sharing Behavior Between an American (Facebook) and a Chinese (Renren) Social Networking Site , 2013 .

[63]  M. W. Richardson,et al.  The theory of the estimation of test reliability , 1937 .

[64]  Karin Archer,et al.  Examining the impact of off-task multi-tasking with technology on real-time classroom learning , 2012, Comput. Educ..

[65]  Greg Heiberger,et al.  Have You Facebooked Astin Lately? Using Technology to Increase Student Involvement , 2008 .

[66]  P. Kirschner,et al.  Toward a Framework for CSCL Research , 2013 .

[67]  Marko M. Skoric,et al.  Facebook bullying: An extension of battles in school , 2013, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[68]  Eszter Hargittai,et al.  Whose Space? Differences Among Users and Non-Users of Social Network Sites , 2007, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[69]  Asimina Vasalou,et al.  Cultural differences, experience with social networks and the nature of "true commitment" in Facebook , 2010, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[70]  Yoojung Kim,et al.  Cultural difference in motivations for using social network sites: A comparative study of American and Korean college students , 2011, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[71]  George D. Kuh,et al.  What Student Affairs Professionals Need to Know About Student Engagement , 2009 .