Physics of Cellular Movements

The survival of cells depends on perpetual active motions, including (a) bending excitations of the soft cell envelopes, (b) the bidirectional transport of materials and organelles between the cell center and the periphery, and (c) the ongoing restructuring of the intracellular macromolecular scaffolds mediating global cell changes associated with cell adhesion locomotion and phagocytosis. Central questions addressed are the following: How can this bustling motion of extremely complex soft structures be characterized and measured? What are the major driving forces? Further topics include (a) the active dynamic control of global shape changes by the interactive coupling of the aster-like soft scaffold of microtubules and the network of actin filaments associated with the cell envelope (the actin cortex) and (b) the generation of propulsion forces by solitary actin gelation waves propagating within the actin cortex.

[1]  Konstantin Doubrovinski,et al.  Cytoskeletal waves in the absence of molecular motors , 2008 .

[2]  Liang Li,et al.  Persistent Cell Motion in the Absence of External Signals: A Search Strategy for Eukaryotic Cells , 2008, PloS one.

[3]  David A. Schultz,et al.  A mechanosensory complex that mediates the endothelial cell response to fluid shear stress , 2005, Nature.

[4]  W. Rappel,et al.  Dictyostelium discoideum chemotaxis: threshold for directed motion. , 2006, European journal of cell biology.

[5]  Thorsten Auth,et al.  Fluctuations of coupled fluid and solid membranes with application to red blood cells. , 2007, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[6]  Jens Glaser,et al.  Glass transition and rheological redundancy in F-actin solutions , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[7]  H. Flyvbjerg,et al.  Physics of bio-molecules and cells , 2002 .

[8]  T. Pollard,et al.  Insertional assembly of actin filament barbed ends in association with formins produces piconewton forces. , 2004, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[9]  Till Bretschneider,et al.  Time‐resolved responses to chemoattractant, characteristic of the front and tail of Dictyostelium cells , 2006, FEBS letters.

[10]  Michael Loran Dustin,et al.  Neural and Immunological Synaptic Relations , 2002, Science.

[11]  L. Addadi,et al.  Force and focal adhesion assembly: a close relationship studied using elastic micropatterned substrates , 2001, Nature Cell Biology.

[12]  B. Baum,et al.  Myosin II-Dependent Cortical Movement Is Required for Centrosome Separation and Positioning during Mitotic Spindle Assembly , 2004, Cell.

[13]  K. Rottner,et al.  VASP dynamics during lamellipodia protrusion , 1999, Nature Cell Biology.

[14]  U. Schwarz,et al.  Elastic interactions of active cells with soft materials. , 2003, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[15]  S. Sen,et al.  Matrix Elasticity Directs Stem Cell Lineage Specification , 2006, Cell.

[16]  Martin Aepfelbacher,et al.  Microviscoelasticity of the apical cell surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) within confluent monolayers. , 2004, Biophysical journal.

[17]  Gerhard J Schütz,et al.  Visualization of vesicle transport along and between distinct pathways in neurites of living cells , 2004, Microscopy research and technique.

[18]  A. Caspi,et al.  Diffusion and directed motion in cellular transport. , 2002, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[19]  D. Ingber,et al.  Opposing views on tensegrity as a structural framework for understanding cell mechanics. , 2000, Journal of applied physiology.

[20]  H. Noguchi,et al.  Shape transitions of fluid vesicles and red blood cells in capillary flows. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[21]  Marc W Kirschner,et al.  An Actin-Based Wave Generator Organizes Cell Motility , 2007, PLoS biology.

[22]  E. Sackmann,et al.  Protrusion force transmission of amoeboid cells crawling on soft biological tissue. , 2005, Acta biomaterialia.

[23]  E. Sackmann,et al.  Brownian motion of nucleated cell envelopes impedes adhesion. , 2006, Physical review letters.

[24]  D. Wirtz,et al.  Mechanics of living cells measured by laser tracking microrheology. , 2000, Biophysical journal.

[25]  M. Moreau,et al.  Enhanced reaction kinetics in biological cells , 2008, 0802.1493.

[26]  R. Mukhopadhyay,et al.  Echinocyte shapes: bending, stretching, and shear determine spicule shape and spacing. , 2001, Biophysical journal.

[27]  U. Seifert,et al.  Force-induced growth of adhesion domains is controlled by receptor mobility , 2008, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[28]  Reinhard Lipowsky,et al.  Active diffusion of motor particles. , 2005 .

[29]  E. Sackmann,et al.  Progress in mimetic studies of cell adhesion and the mechanosensing. , 2009, Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry.

[30]  P. Bongrand,et al.  How cells tiptoe on adhesive surfaces before sticking. , 2008, Biophysical journal.

[31]  Akira Chiba,et al.  Mechanical tension contributes to clustering of neurotransmitter vesicles at presynaptic terminals , 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[32]  J. Hammer,et al.  CARMIL Is a Potent Capping Protein Antagonist , 2006, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[33]  K. Inouye,et al.  Talin B is required for force transmission in morphogenesis of Dictyostelium , 2004, The EMBO journal.

[34]  Andreas R. Bausch,et al.  A bottom-up approach to cell mechanics , 2006 .

[35]  E. Sackmann.  Thermo-elasticity and adhesion as regulators of cell membrane architecture and function , 2006 .

[36]  E. Sackmann,et al.  Cell-substrate interactions and locomotion of Dictyostelium wild-type and mutants defective in three cytoskeletal proteins: a study using quantitative reflection interference contrast microscopy. , 1995, Biophysical journal.

[37]  M. Carlier,et al.  Regulation of actin assembly associated with protrusion and adhesion in cell migration. , 2008, Physiological reviews.

[38]  Tom Shemesh,et al.  Actin polymerization upon processive capping by formin: a model for slowing and acceleration. , 2007, Biophysical journal.

[39]  Marie-France Carlier,et al.  Reconstitution of actin-based motility of Listeria and Shigella using pure proteins , 1999, Nature.

[40]  Xufeng Wu,et al.  The Dictyostelium Carmil Protein Links Capping Protein and the Arp2/3 Complex to Type I Myosins through Their Sh3 Domains , 2001, The Journal of cell biology.

[41]  Till Bretschneider,et al.  Mobile actin clusters and traveling waves in cells recovering from actin depolymerization. , 2004, Biophysical journal.

[42]  Jonathon Howard,et al.  The Distribution of Active Force Generators Controls Mitotic Spindle Position , 2003, Science.

[43]  P. Devreotes,et al.  Two phases of actin polymerization display different dependencies on PI(3,4,5)P3 accumulation and have unique roles during chemotaxis. , 2003, Molecular biology of the cell.

[44]  A. Noegel,et al.  LIM proteins: association with the actin cytoskeleton , 2002, Protoplasma.

[45]  D. Boal.  Mechanics of the Cell: Membranes , 2012 .

[46]  G. Gundersen,et al.  Selective stabilization of microtubules oriented toward the direction of cell migration. , 1988, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[47]  Joshua W Shaevitz,et al.  Load fluctuations drive actin network growth , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[48]  E. Sackmann,et al.  Active mechanical stabilization of the viscoplastic intracellular space of Dictyostelia cells by microtubule-actin crosstalk. , 2006, Acta biomaterialia.

[49]  D. Navajas,et al.  Scaling the microrheology of living cells. , 2001, Physical review letters.

[50]  C. Verfaillie,et al.  Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activation mediates proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 phosphorylation and recruitment to beta1-integrins in human CD34+ cells. , 2004, Experimental hematology.

[51]  S. Charette,et al.  An adhesion molecule in free‐living Dictyostelium amoebae with integrin β features , 2006, EMBO reports.

[52]  D. Dormann,et al.  In vivo analysis of 3-phosphoinositide dynamics during Dictyostelium phagocytosis and chemotaxis , 2004, Journal of Cell Science.

[53]  R. Bruinsma,et al.  Adhesive switching of membranes: experiment and theory. , 2000, Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics.

[54]  D. Critchley,et al.  Talin at a glance , 2008, Journal of Cell Science.

[55]  D A Weitz,et al.  Two-point microrheology of inhomogeneous soft materials. , 2000, Physical review letters.

[56]  Joachim O Rädler,et al.  Temporal analysis of active and passive transport in living cells. , 2008, Physical review letters.

[57]  T. Springer.  Traffic signals for lymphocyte recirculation and leukocyte emigration: The multistep paradigm , 1994, Cell.

[58]  Andrea J Liu,et al.  Structural polymorphism of the cytoskeleton: a model of linker-assisted filament aggregation. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[59]  E. Sackmann,et al.  Membrane bending modulus and adhesion energy of wild-type and mutant cells of Dictyostelium lacking talin or cortexillins. , 1998, Biophysical journal.

[60]  S. Narumiya,et al.  Actin turnover–dependent fast dissociation of capping protein in the dendritic nucleation actin network: evidence of frequent filament severing , 2006, The Journal of cell biology.

[61]  G. Oster,et al.  Cell motility driven by actin polymerization. , 1996, Biophysical journal.

[62]  F. C. MacKintosh,et al.  Microscopic Viscoelasticity: Shear Moduli of Soft Materials Determined from Thermal Fluctuations , 1997 .

[63]  Irina Kaverina,et al.  Regulation of substrate adhesion dynamics during cell motility. , 2002, The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology.