Characteristics and Stability of Neat and Blended Hydroprocessed Renewable Diesel

In this study, the physical properties and chemical composition of hydroprocessed renewable diesel derived from algae (HRD-76) were measured. Analysis of HRD-76 showed that the main components are C15–C18 n-alkanes and branched monomethyl hexadecanes and heptadecanes. Approximately 50% of HRD-76 is n- and iso-C17. Long-term (ASTM D4625) and accelerated (ASTM D5304) tests were conducted to investigate the storage stability of HRD-76, F-76, and their blends and the effects of long-term storage on the fuel properties. In addition, the ASTM D2274 method was used to test the oxidation stabilities of the neat and blended fuels. HRD-76 has better storage and oxidation stabilities than F-76, and the post-test changes in the fuel properties are influenced by the F-76 fraction in the fuel blend. Extended ASTM D2274 tests were also conducted to investigate the influence of long-term oxidation on the physicochemical properties of the fuel.

[1]  David Kubička,et al.  The role of Ni species in the deoxygenation of rapeseed oil over NiMo-alumina catalysts , 2011 .

[2]  Jürgen Krahl,et al.  Potential hazards associated with combustion of bio-derived versus petroleum-derived diesel fuel , 2012, Critical reviews in toxicology.

[3]  G. N. D. R. Filho,et al.  Formation of alkanes, alkylcycloalkanes and alkylbenzenes during the catalytic hydrocracking of vegetable oils , 1993 .

[4]  Stella Bezergianni,et al.  Hydrotreating of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production. Part II: effect of temperature on hydrocarbon composition. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[5]  Paolo Bondioli,et al.  Evaluation of biodiesel storage stability using reference methods , 2002 .

[6]  Stella Bezergianni,et al.  Comparison between different types of renewable diesel , 2013 .

[7]  Juha Heikkilä,et al.  Diesel exhaust emissions and particle hygroscopicity with HVO fuel-oxygenate blend , 2013 .

[8]  P. A. Pilavachi,et al.  Hydrotreating of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production. Part I: Effect of temperature on product yields and heteroatom removal. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[9]  David Kubička,et al.  Deoxygenation of vegetable oils over sulfided Ni, Mo and NiMo catalysts , 2010 .

[10]  R. Kubinec,et al.  Temperature-programmed gas chromatography linear retention indices of all C4-C30 monomethylalkanes on methylsilicone OV-1 stationary phase. Contribution towards a better understanding of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath. , 2008, Journal of chromatography. A.

[11]  Jeno Hancsók,et al.  Fuel purpose hydrotreating of sunflower oil on CoMo/Al2O3 catalyst. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[12]  David Kubička,et al.  Deactivation of HDS catalysts in deoxygenation of vegetable oils , 2011 .

[13]  Bambang Veriansyah,et al.  Production of renewable diesel by hydroprocessing of soybean oil: Effect of catalysts , 2012 .

[14]  George W. Mushrush,et al.  Biodiesel Fuels: Use of Soy Oil as a Blending Stock for Middle Distillate Petroleum Fuels , 2000 .

[15]  H. Hübschmann.  Chapter 3. Evaluation of GC/MS Analyses , 2008 .

[16]  David Kubička,et al.  Hydroprocessed rapeseed oil as a source of hydrocarbon-based biodiesel , 2009 .

[17]  A. Rubanov,et al.  Hydroconversion of sunflower oil on Pd/SAPO-31 catalyst , 2010 .

[18]  S. Bezergianni,et al.  Hydrocracking of used cooking oil for biofuels production. , 2009, Bioresource technology.

[19]  A. Guzmán,et al.  Hydroprocessing of crude palm oil at pilot plant scale , 2010 .

[20]  Keshav C. Das,et al.  Comparison of three accelerated aging procedures to assess bio-oil stability , 2010 .

[21]  Martin Quiñones,et al.  Combustion Assessment of a 50% Algae-Based HRD76 Fuel and 50% Conventional F76 Military Diesel Fuel Blend , 2012 .

[22]  Georgi Hristov,et al.  Effect of commercially available antioxidants over biodiesel/diesel blends stability , 2009 .

[23]  Jinwen Chen,et al.  Hydroprocessing of Biomass-Derived Oils and Their Blends with Petroleum Feedstocks: A Review , 2012 .

[24]  Magín Lapuerta,et al.  Blending scenarios for soybean oil derived biofuels with conventional diesel , 2013 .

[25]  David Kubička,et al.  Fuel properties of hydroprocessed rapeseed oil , 2010 .

[26]  M. Osako,et al.  Hydrodeoxygenation of waste vegetable oil over sulfide catalysts , 2011 .

[27]  T. Brüning,et al.  Combustion of hydrotreated vegetable oil and jatropha methyl ester in a heavy duty engine: emissions and bacterial mutagenicity. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[28]  M. Montgomery,et al.  Depletion of Lubricity Improvers from Hydrotreated Renewable and Ultralow-Sulfur Petroleum Diesels by Marine Microbiota , 2012 .

[29]  Heather D. Willauer,et al.  Storage Tank Stability of Soybean-derived Biodiesel , 2011 .

[30]  Florence Lacoste,et al.  The prediction of biodiesel storage stability. Proposal for a quick test , 2004 .

[31]  Gerhard Knothe,et al.  Biodiesel and renewable diesel: A comparison , 2010 .

[32]  S. Westbrook,et al.  Storage Stability of Biodiesel and Biodiesel Blends , 2010 .

[33]  Paul C. Trulove,et al.  Development of a Surrogate Mixture for Algal-Based Hydrotreated Renewable Diesel , 2013 .

[34]  B. Miller,et al.  Insight into the Mechanisms of Middle Distillate Fuel Oxidative Degradation. Part 2: On the Relationship between Jet Fuel Thermal Oxidative Deposit, Soluble Macromolecular Oxidatively Reactive Species, and Smoke Point , 2009 .

[35]  Gérald Djéga-Mariadassou,et al.  Utilization of vegetable oils as an alternative source for diesel-type fuel: hydrocracking on reduced Ni/SiO2 and sulphided Ni-Mo/γ-Al2O3 , 1989 .

[36]  R. Kannan,et al.  Studies on the effect of antioxidants on the long-term storage and oxidation stability of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre biodiesel , 2012 .

[37]  Linda Shafer,et al.  Converting Algal Triglycerides to Diesel and HEFA Jet Fuel Fractions , 2013 .

[38]  Thomas J. Bruno,et al.  Chemical and Thermophysical Characterization of an Algae-Based Hydrotreated Renewable Diesel Fuel , 2014 .

[39]  M. Pospišil,et al.  Storage stability of FCC light cycle oil , 2010 .

[40]  Artur Thernesz,et al.  Fuel production by hydrotreating of triglycerides on NiMo/Al2O3/F catalyst , 2011 .

[41]  Robert L. McCormick,et al.  Several factors affecting the stability of biodiesel in standard accelerated tests , 2007 .

[42]  Martin Quiñones,et al.  Algae Based Hydroprocessed Fuel Use on a Marine Gas Turbine , 2012 .

[43]  David Kubička,et al.  Premium quality renewable diesel fuel by hydroprocessing of sunflower oil , 2011 .

[44]  A. Demirbas,et al.  New Biorenewable Fuels from Vegetable Oils , 2010 .

[45]  Jenő Hancsók,et al.  Investigation of the production of high cetane number bio gas oil from pre-hydrogenated vegetable oils over Pt/HZSM-22/Al2O3 , 2007 .

[46]  Avelino Corma,et al.  Processing biomass in conventional oil refineries: Production of high quality diesel by hydrotreating vegetable oils in heavy vacuum oil mixtures , 2007 .

[47]  Päivi Aakko-Saksa,et al.  Toxicological properties of emission particles from heavy duty engines powered by conventional and bio-based diesel fuels and compressed natural gas , 2012, Particle and Fibre Toxicology.