Comparison of energy production and performance from flat-plate photovoltaic module technologies deployed at fixed tilt
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Performance data for 14 photovoltaic modules deployed at fixed latitude tilt in the field are presented and compared. Module performance is monitored continuously for optimum power characteristics. Flat-plate module technologies representative of crystalline, amorphous, and polycrystalline silicon, and cadmium telluride and copper indium diselenide, are scrutinized for energy production, effective efficiency and performance ratio (PR)-ratio of effective to reference efficiency. Most performance ratios exhibit seasonal fluctuations largely correlated to air or module temperatures, varying between 80% and 100%. These ratios tend toward larger values during winter and vise versa, except for amorphous silicon and cadmium telluride modules. In a-Si modules, the situation appears reversed: better PRs are obtained during late summer. The effective efficiency, PR, and average daily and yearly energy production are analyzed and quantified.
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