A COMPRESSIVE SENSING APPROACH FOR SYNTHETIC APERTURE IMAGING RADIOMETERS

The aperture synthesis technology represents a promising new approach to microwave radiometers for high-resolution observa- tions of the Earth from geostationary orbit. However, the future ap- plication of the new technology may be limited by its large number of antennas, receivers, and correlators. In order to reduce signiflcantly the complexity of the on-board hardware requirements, a novel method based on the recently developed theory of compressive sensing (CS) is proposed in this paper. Due to the fact that the brightness temperature distributions of the Earth have a sparse representation in some proper transform domain | for example, in terms of spatial flnite-difierences or their wavelet coe-cients, we use the CS approach to signiflcantly undersample the visibility function. Thus the number of antennas, re- ceivers, and correlators can be further reduced than those based on the traditional methods that obey the Shannon/Nyquist sampling the- orem. The reconstruction is performed by minimizing the '1 norm of a transformed image. The efiectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by numerical simulations using the image corresponding to AMSU-A over the Paciflc.

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