The application of TEM to the study of helium cluster nucleation and growth in molybdenum at 300 K

Abstract The addition of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to monitor helium cluster nucleation and growth in molybdenum at ambient temperatures, has provided a useful extension to the information obtained in detailed helium desorption spectroscopy (HDS) studies. In particular, advantage has been taken of HDS helium filling techniques which allow the production of well characterized specimens containing a known number of helium atoms at a controlled low density of helium trapping centres. The problems of very dense damage structures found after conventional helium implantations have thus been avoided. This paper summarizes the filling techniques relevant to the production of TEM specimens together with the main results to date, e.g. the platelet morphology of helium cavities, their growth by loop punching, their transformation to groups of small bubbles, electron beam induced loop punching, and helium trapping at dislocations. The application of these results to the defect structures found in convent...

[1]  J. Evans,et al.  In-situ TEM observations of loop punching from helium platelet cavities in molybdenum , 1983 .

[2]  L. Stals,et al.  Helium bubble growth in nickel at temperatures below vacancy migration , 1983 .

[3]  P. Goodhew,et al.  The collapse of helium platelets in molybdenum , 1983 .

[4]  R. Zeller,et al.  Density and pressure of helium in small bubbles in metals , 1982 .

[5]  Michael I. Baskes,et al.  On the low-temperature nucleation and growth of bubbles by helium bombardment of metals , 1981 .

[6]  W. D. Wilson,et al.  Self-trapping of helium in metals , 1981 .

[7]  R. Manzke,et al.  Study of He bubbles in Al by electron energy loss spectroscopy , 1981 .

[8]  J. H. Evans,et al.  Formation of helium platelets in molybdenum , 1981, Nature.

[9]  A. Lucas,et al.  Optical Absorption and Electron-Energy-Loss Spectra of Helium Microbubbles in Aluminum , 1981 .

[10]  J. Evans,et al.  Direct evidence for helium bubble growth in molybdenum by the mechanism of loop punching , 1981 .

[11]  A. Veen,et al.  The Atomistics of Helium Bubble Nucleation in B.C.C. Metals , 1981, February 16.

[12]  N. Yoshida,et al.  Mechanism of initial processes of blistering in BCC metals , 1981 .

[13]  J. Evans,et al.  Room temperature precipitation of helium in molybdenum observed by tem and THDS; Helium platelet formation , 1981 .

[14]  A. Lucas,et al.  Optical measurements of the density of helium in small bubbles in aluminium films , 1980 .

[15]  J. Roth,et al.  Microstructure of Ni and stainless steel after multiple energy He and D implantation , 1980 .

[16]  P. Johnson,et al.  The gas-bubble superlattice and the development of surface structure in He+ and H irradiated metals at 300 K , 1980 .

[17]  E. Kornelsen,et al.  A study of bubble nucleation in tungsten using thermal desorption spectrometry: Clusters of 2 to 100 helium atoms , 1980 .

[18]  P. Johnson,et al.  Observations of a fcc helium gas-bubble superlattice in copper, nickel, and stainless steel , 1980 .

[19]  V. Hertel.  Elektronenmikroskopische beobachtung von fehlstellenagglomeraten in kupfer nach beschuβ mit 5 keV argonionen , 1979 .

[20]  D. Seidman,et al.  A differentially pumped low-energy ion beam system for an ultrahigh-vacuum atom-probe field-ion microscope. , 1979, The Review of scientific instruments.

[21]  A. Veen,et al.  The interaction of nitrogen with vacancies in molybdenum , 1979 .

[22]  E. V. Kornelsen,et al.  Attachment of mobile particles to non-saturable traps , 1979 .

[23]  P. Johnson,et al.  Helium gas bubble lattices in face-centred-cubic metals , 1978, Nature.

[24]  J. Evans.  An interbubble fracture mechanism of blister formation on helium-irradiated metals , 1977 .

[25]  E. Kornelsen,et al.  Vacancy creation by helium trapping at substitutional krypton in tungsten , 1977 .

[26]  G. McCracken,et al.  A transmission electron microscopy study of molybdenum irradiated with helium ions , 1977 .

[27]  J. Hosson,et al.  The interaction of He with a 12 〈1 1 1〉 {1 1 0} edge dislocation in W and Mo , 1976 .

[28]  J. H. Evans.  Formation of blisters in molybdenum bombarded with helium , 1975, Nature.

[29]  E. Kornelsen.  The interaction of injected helium with lattice defects in a tungsten crystal , 1972 .

[30]  G. W. Greenwood,et al.  The role of vacancies and dislocations in the nucleation and growth of gas bubbles in irradiated fissile material , 1959 .

[31]  R. Barnes,et al.  THE OBSERVATION OF VACANCY SOURCES IN METALS , 1958 .