Human biomonitoring of emerging pollutants through non-invasive matrices: state of the art and future potential

[1]  N. Ishida,et al.  [Determination of antimony in nail and hair by thermal neutron activation analysis]. , 1987, Radioisotopes.

[2]  J. Meeker,et al.  Urinary Metabolites of Organophosphate Flame Retardants: Temporal Variability and Correlations with House Dust Concentrations , 2013, Environmental health perspectives.

[3]  M. Wilhelm,et al.  Reprint of "Update of the reference and HBM values derived by the German Human Biomonitoring Commission". , 2012, International journal of hygiene and environmental health.

[4]  J. Weinberg,et al.  Impact of dust from multiple microenvironments and diet on PentaBDE body burden. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[5]  Holger M Koch,et al.  Internal exposure of the general population to DEHP and other phthalates--determination of secondary and primary phthalate monoester metabolites in urine. , 2003, Environmental research.

[6]  R. Letcher,et al.  Metabolism in the toxicokinetics and fate of brominated flame retardants--a review. , 2003, Environment international.

[7]  H. Stapleton,et al.  Serum PBDEs in a North Carolina Toddler Cohort: Associations with Handwipes, House Dust, and Socioeconomic Variables , 2012, Environmental health perspectives.

[8]  Jaroslav Slobodnik,et al.  A harmonized European framework for method validation to support research on emerging pollutants. , 2011 .

[9]  Jonathan P. Benskin,et al.  Exceptionally high serum concentrations of perfluorohexanesulfonate in a Canadian family are linked to home carpet treatment applications. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[10]  Nahid Amini,et al.  Feasibility of an on-line restricted access material/liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method in the rapid and sensitive determination of organophosphorus triesters in human blood plasma. , 2003, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[11]  K. Bester,et al.  Elimination of organophosphate ester flame retardants and plasticizers in drinking water purification. , 2006, Water research.

[12]  J. Weinberg,et al.  Associations between PBDEs in office air, dust, and surface wipes. , 2013, Environment international.

[13]  J. Riess,et al.  Chemistry, physical chemistry, and uses of molecular fluorocarbon--hydrocarbon diblocks, triblocks, and related compounds--unique "apolar" components for self-assembled colloid and interface engineering. , 2009, Chemical reviews.

[14]  S. London,et al.  Phthalate Exposure and Allergy in the U.S. Population: Results from NHANES 2005–2006 , 2013, Environmental health perspectives.

[15]  Tom Harner,et al.  Indoor sources of poly- and perfluorinated compounds (PFCS) in Vancouver, Canada: implications for human exposure. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.

[16]  R. Ebinghaus,et al.  Occurrence and air-seawater exchange of brominated flame retardants and Dechlorane Plus in the North Sea , 2012 .

[17]  J. Chuang,et al.  Aggregate exposures of nine preschool children to persistent organic pollutants at day care and at home , 2003, Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology.

[18]  Gang Yu,et al.  Particle size: a missing factor in risk assessment of human exposure to toxic chemicals in settled indoor dust. , 2012, Environment international.

[19]  R. Mehra,et al.  Elements in scalp hair and nails indicating metal body burden in polluted environment , 2005 .

[20]  L. Michelson,et al.  Comprehensive drug screening in blood for detecting abused drugs or drugs potentially hazardous for traffic safety. , 1996, Forensic science international.

[21]  B. Armstrong,et al.  Current and future climate- and air pollution-mediated impacts on human health , 2009, Environmental health : a global access science source.

[22]  J. Mclaughlin,et al.  Dietary predictors of perfluorinated chemicals: a study from the Danish National Birth Cohort. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[23]  I Saito,et al.  Indoor organophosphate and polybrominated flame retardants in Tokyo. , 2007, Indoor air.

[24]  Gang Yu,et al.  Mechanisms influencing the BFR distribution patterns in office dust and implications for estimating human exposure. , 2013, Journal of hazardous materials.

[25]  Y. Nakahara.  Hair analysis for abused and therapeutic drugs. , 1999, Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications.

[26]  Yuan-Jhe Chang,et al.  Determination of Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) metabolites in human hair using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. , 2013, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[27]  Holger M Koch,et al.  Human body burdens of chemicals used in plastic manufacture , 2009, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

[28]  Ming H Wong,et al.  Body burdens of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in childbearing-aged women at an intensive electronic-waste recycling site in China , 2010, Environmental science and pollution research international.

[29]  F. Pragst,et al.  State of the art in hair analysis for detection of drug and alcohol abuse. , 2006, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[30]  Jiping Zhu,et al.  Detection of dechlorane plus in residential indoor dust in the city of Ottawa, Canada. , 2007, Environmental science & technology.

[31]  K. Kannan,et al.  Biomonitoring of perfluorochemicals in plasma of New York State personnel responding to the World Trade Center disaster. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[32]  S. Fenton,et al.  Human milk biomonitoring of phthalates: expanding our understanding of infant exposure is compatible with supporting breastfeeding. , 2009, Environment international.

[33]  N. Jørgensen,et al.  Temporal variability in urinary phthalate metabolite excretion based on spot, morning, and 24-h urine samples: considerations for epidemiological studies. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[34]  D. Kidwell,et al.  Drugs of abuse in saliva: a review. , 1992, Journal of analytical toxicology.

[35]  Håkan Carlsson,et al.  Organophosphate Ester Flame Retardants and Plasticizers in the Indoor Environment: Analytical Methodology and Occurrence , 1997 .

[36]  G. Larsen,et al.  Metabolism, tissue disposition, and excretion of 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. , 2004, Chemosphere.

[37]  G. Saravanabhavan,et al.  Human Biological Monitoring of Diisononyl Phthalate and Diisodecyl Phthalate: A Review , 2012, Journal of environmental and public health.

[38]  A. Brenner,et al.  Environmental Impact of Flame Retardants (Persistence and Biodegradability) , 2009, International journal of environmental research and public health.

[39]  J. Angerer,et al.  Biological monitoring of the five major metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) in human urine using column-switching liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. , 2005, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[40]  P. Kintz,et al.  Arsenic speciation of two specimens of Napoleon's hair. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[41]  R. Hites,et al.  Brominated flame retardants in serum from the general population in northern China. , 2009, Environmental science & technology.

[42]  K. Schramm.  Hair-biomonitoring of organic pollutants. , 2008, Chemosphere.

[43]  Pau-Chung Chen,et al.  Neonatal-maternal factors and perfluoroalkyl substances in cord blood. , 2013, Chemosphere.

[44]  H. Matthews,et al.  The metabolism and disposition of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (Fyrol FR-2) in the rat. , 1981, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[45]  Dennis Paustenbach,et al.  Biomonitoring: is body burden relevant to public health? , 2006, Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP.

[46]  R. Buck,et al.  Chemistry, Properties, and Uses of Commercial Fluorinated Surfactants , 2012 .

[47]  K. Hungerbühler,et al.  What Are the Sources of Exposure to Eight Frequently Used Phthalic Acid Esters in Europeans? , 2006, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[48]  Antonia M. Calafat,et al.  Temporal Variability of Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Levels in Men of Reproductive Age , 2004, Environmental health perspectives.

[49]  Guibin Jiang,et al.  Use of scalp hair as indicator of human exposure to heavy metals in an electronic waste recycling area. , 2009, Environmental pollution.

[50]  N. Van den Eede,et al.  Analytical developments and preliminary assessment of human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants from indoor dust. , 2011, Environment international.

[51]  R. Kruse,et al.  Decrease in Anogenital Distance among Male Infants with Prenatal Phthalate Exposure , 2005, Environmental health perspectives.

[52]  Gagandeep Singh,et al.  Neurology of acute organophosphate poisoning. , 2009, Neurology India.

[53]  N. Jørgensen,et al.  Correlations between phthalate metabolites in urine, serum, and seminal plasma from young Danish men determined by isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. , 2010, Journal of analytical toxicology.

[54]  Fiona Harden,et al.  Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in pooled blood serum from infants, children, and adults in Australia. , 2009, Environmental science & technology.

[55]  Dana B Barr,et al.  Uses and issues of biomonitoring. , 2007, International journal of hygiene and environmental health.

[56]  J. Kennish,et al.  Disposition of the flame retardant, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate, in the rat. , 1981, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

[57]  R. Tatsukawa,et al.  Tissue distribution and excretion of hexabromobenzene and its debrominated metabolites in the rat , 1988, Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[58]  D. Barceló,et al.  Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products , 2012 .

[59]  Jun Yoshinaga,et al.  Size Distributions of Soil Particles Adhered to Children’s Hands , 2006, Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[60]  S. Wise,et al.  Organophosphate and phthalate esters in standard reference material 2585 organic contaminants in house dust , 2011, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[61]  Lesa L. Aylward,et al.  Evaluation of Biomonitoring Data from the CDC National Exposure Report in a Risk Assessment Context: Perspectives across Chemicals , 2012, Environmental health perspectives.

[62]  Hong-Sheng Wang,et al.  Risk assessments of human exposure to bioaccessible phthalate esters through market fish consumption. , 2013, Environment international.

[63]  James Franklin,et al.  Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment: Terminology, Classification, and Origins , 2011, Integrated environmental assessment and management.

[64]  Nancy G Doerrer,et al.  Strategic biomonitoring initiatives: moving the science forward. , 2006, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[65]  A. Tsatsakis,et al.  Carbamazepine levels in the hair of patients under long-term treatment: a preliminary study. , 1997, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[66]  M. Svartengren,et al.  Organophosphate and phthalate esters in indoor air: a comparison between multi-storey buildings with high and low prevalence of sick building symptoms. , 2011, Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM.

[67]  H. Neels,et al.  "Novel" brominated flame retardants in Belgian and UK indoor dust: implications for human exposure. , 2011, Chemosphere.

[68]  A. Covaci,et al.  Analysis of the flame retardant metabolites bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP) and diphenyl phosphate (DPP) in urine using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry , 2011, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[69]  Fumio Okada,et al.  Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Related Perfluorinated Compounds in Human Maternal and Cord Blood Samples: Assessment of PFOS Exposure in a Susceptible Population during Pregnancy , 2004, Environmental health perspectives.

[70]  J. Angerer,et al.  Determination of secondary, oxidised di-iso-nonylphthalate (DINP) metabolites in human urine representative for the exposure to commercial DINP plasticizers. , 2007, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[71]  Marta Esteban,et al.  Non-invasive matrices in human biomonitoring: a review. , 2009, Environment international.

[72]  M. Wittassek,et al.  Phthalates: metabolism and exposure. , 2008, International journal of andrology.

[73]  Kurunthachalam Kannan,et al.  Analysis of polyfluoroalkyl substances and bisphenol A in dried blood spots by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry , 2013, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[74]  M. Dam,et al.  Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in food and water from Faroe Islands , 2013, Environmental Science and Pollution Research.

[75]  Antonia M. Calafat,et al.  What Additional Factors Beyond State-of-the-Art Analytical Methods Are Needed for Optimal Generation and Interpretation of Biomonitoring Data? , 2009, Environmental health perspectives.

[76]  J. Angerer,et al.  Human biomonitoring: state of the art. , 2007, International journal of hygiene and environmental health.

[77]  DoubleTree Hotel Atlanta.  DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION NATIONAL CENTER FOR INJURY PREVENTION AND CONTROL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR INJURY PREVENTION AND CONTROL , 2006 .

[78]  A. Covaci,et al.  Determination of persistent organohalogenated pollutants in human hair reference material (BCR 397): an interlaboratory study , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[79]  Geary W Olsen,et al.  Comparison of human whole blood, plasma, and serum matrices for the determination of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and other fluorochemicals. , 2007, Environmental research.

[80]  O. Aozasa,et al.  Survey of Human Exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs, and Coplanar PCBs Using Hairas an Indicator , 2005, Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[81]  Z. Cai,et al.  Development of extraction methods for the analysis of perfluorinated compounds in human hair and nail by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. , 2012, Journal of chromatography. A.

[82]  S. Tanabe,et al.  Accumulation of brominated flame retardants and polychlorinated biphenyls in human breast milk and scalp hair from the Philippines: levels, distribution and profiles. , 2013, The Science of the total environment.

[83]  Z. Cai,et al.  Analytical chemistry of the persistent organic pollutants identified in the Stockholm Convention: A review. , 2013, Analytica chimica acta.

[84]  D. Baird,et al.  Reproducibility of urinary phthalate metabolites in first morning urine samples. , 2002, Environmental health perspectives.

[85]  Dana B. Barr,et al.  Biologic Monitoring of Exposure to Environmental Chemicals throughout the Life Stages: Requirements and Issues for Consideration for the National Children’s Study , 2005, Environmental health perspectives.

[86]  E. Veerman,et al.  Biochemical composition of human saliva in relation to other mucosal fluids. , 1995, Critical reviews in oral biology and medicine : an official publication of the American Association of Oral Biologists.

[87]  W. Liu,et al.  Human nails analysis as biomarker of exposure to perfluoroalkyl compounds. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.

[88]  Karl-Werner Schramm,et al.  Applicability of non-invasively collected matrices for human biomonitoring , 2009, Environmental health : a global access science source.

[89]  R. Niesink,et al.  Toxicology: Principles and Applications , 1996 .

[90]  G. Gabrielsen,et al.  Brominated flame retardants in glaucous gulls from the Norwegian Arctic: more than just an issue of polybrominated diphenyl ethers. , 2007, Environmental science & technology.

[91]  Kevin C. Jones,et al.  Analytical Challenges Hamper Perfluoroalkyl Research : researches need better tools to get to the bootom of the contamination mystery , 2004 .

[92]  A. Calafat,et al.  Personal care product use and urinary levels of phthalate metabolites in Mexican women. , 2011, Environment international.

[93]  Alan D. Lopez,et al.  Comparative quantification of health risks. Global and regional burden of disease attributable to selected major risk factors. Volume 1. , 2004 .

[94]  Geary W Olsen,et al.  A comparison of the pharmacokinetics of perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) in rats, monkeys, and humans. , 2009, Toxicology.

[95]  H. Kay.  Environmental Health Criteria , 1980 .

[96]  Thorsten Reemtsma,et al.  Determination of 14 monoalkyl phosphates, dialkyl phosphates and dialkyl thiophosphates by LC-MS/MS in human urinary samples. , 2011, The Science of the total environment.

[97]  A. Calafat,et al.  Detection of phthalate metabolites in human saliva , 2005, Archives of Toxicology.

[98]  P. Lioy,et al.  Human exposure assessment for airborne pollutants: advances and opportunities , 1991 .

[99]  L. Martens,et al.  Review: The physiology of saliva and transfer of drugs into saliva. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[100]  C. Marvin,et al.  Isomers of dechlorane plus in Lake Winnipeg and Lake Ontario food webs. , 2007, Environmental science & technology.

[101]  D. Barceló,et al.  Automated analysis of perfluorinated compounds in human hair and urine samples by turbulent flow chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry , 2012, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[102]  E. Kissa,et al.  Fluorinated Surfactants and Repellents , 2001 .

[103]  A. Covaci,et al.  Dust from U.K. primary school classrooms and daycare centers: the significance of dust as a pathway of exposure of young U.K. children to brominated flame retardants and polychlorinated biphenyls. , 2010, Environmental science & technology.

[104]  A. Zuckerman,et al.  IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans , 1995, IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans.

[105]  C. Ostman,et al.  Organophosphate triesters in indoor environments. , 2005, Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM.

[106]  M. Button,et al.  Human toenails as a biomarker of exposure to elevated environmental arsenic. , 2009, Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM.

[107]  Lisa Dresner,et al.  The Merck Index An Encyclopedia Of Chemicals Drugs And Biologicals , 2016 .

[108]  Damià Barceló,et al.  Emerging food contaminants: a review , 2010, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[109]  Antonia M. Calafat,et al.  Variability over 1 Week in the Urinary Concentrations of Metabolites of Diethyl Phthalate and Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate among Eight Adults: An Observational Study , 2010, Environmental health perspectives.

[110]  Ke Xiao,et al.  Dechlorane Plus and its dechlorinated analogs from an e-waste recycling center in maternal serum and breast milk of women in Wenling, China. , 2013, Environmental pollution.

[111]  Peter Höglund,et al.  Apparent Half-Lives of Hepta- to Decabrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Human Serum as Determined in Occupationally Exposed Workers , 2005, Environmental health perspectives.

[112]  D. Buttke,et al.  Exposures to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Age of Menarche in Adolescent Girls in NHANES (2003–2008) , 2012, Environmental health perspectives.

[113]  J. Angerer,et al.  Determination of human urinary organophosphate flame retardant metabolites by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. , 2009, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[114]  R. Filler.  Biochemistry Involving Carbon-Fluorine Bonds , 1976 .

[115]  Jun Yoshinaga,et al.  Exposure assessment of phthalate esters in Japanese pregnant women by using urinary metabolite analysis , 2009, Environmental health and preventive medicine.

[116]  J. Boer,et al.  Phosphorus flame retardants: Properties, production, environmental occurrence, toxicity and analysis , 2012 .

[117]  Karl-Werner Schramm,et al.  Dioxin hair analysis as monitoring pool , 1992 .

[118]  A. Covaci,et al.  Novel brominated flame retardants: a review of their analysis, environmental fate and behaviour. , 2011, Environment international.

[119]  J. Angerer,et al.  Di-iso-nonylphthalate (DINP) metabolites in human urine after a single oral dose of deuterium-labelled DINP. , 2007, International journal of hygiene and environmental health.

[120]  N. Van den Eede,et al.  Country specific comparison for profile of chlorinated, brominated and phosphate organic contaminants in indoor dust. Case study for Eastern Romania, 2010. , 2012, Environment international.

[121]  M. Casas,et al.  Exposure to brominated flame retardants, perfluorinated compounds, phthalates and phenols in European birth cohorts: ENRIECO evaluation, first human biomonitoring results, and recommendations. , 2013, International journal of hygiene and environmental health.

[122]  Detectable Dioxins in Human Saliva and Their Effects on Gingival Epithelial Cells , 2003, Journal of dental research.

[123]  A. Calafat,et al.  Automated solid phase extraction and quantitative analysis of human milk for 13 phthalate metabolites. , 2004, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[124]  S. Tanabe,et al.  Levels and distribution of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in fishes from Manila Bay, the Philippines. , 2011, Environmental pollution.

[125]  N. Van den Eede,et al.  Analysis of organophosphate flame retardant diester metabolites in human urine by liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. , 2013, Journal of chromatography. A.

[126]  Yuan Kang,et al.  Size fraction effect on phthalate esters accumulation, bioaccessibility and in vitro cytotoxicity of indoor/outdoor dust, and risk assessment of human exposure. , 2013, Journal of hazardous materials.

[127]  A. Ballesteros-Gómez,et al.  A simple and rapid extraction method for sensitive determination of perfluoroalkyl substances in blood serum suitable for exposure evaluation. , 2012, Journal of chromatography. A.

[128]  Alden K Henderson,et al.  Persistence of pharmaceutical compounds and other organic wastewater contaminants in a conventional drinking-water-treatment plant. , 2004, The Science of the total environment.

[129]  K Yoshii,et al.  Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate contamination of retail packed lunches caused by PVC gloves used in the preparation of foods , 2001, Food additives and contaminants.

[130]  Yongning Wu,et al.  Can nail, hair and urine be used for biomonitoring of human exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid? , 2013, Environment international.

[131]  Hans-Joachim Lehmler,et al.  Synthesis of environmentally relevant fluorinated surfactants--a review. , 2005, Chemosphere.

[132]  N. Skakkebaek,et al.  Urinary excretion of phthalates and paraben after repeated whole-body topical application in humans. , 2008, International journal of andrology.

[133]  A. Calafat,et al.  Temporal variability in urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites, phytoestrogens and phenols among minority children in the United States. , 2008, Environmental research.

[134]  J. Angerer,et al.  Quantification of two urinary metabolites of organophosphorus flame retardants by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry , 2009, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[135]  A. Calafat,et al.  Urinary metabolites of diisodecyl phthalate in rats. , 2007, Toxicology.

[136]  Melvin E. Andersen,et al.  In vitro metabolism of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) by various tissues and cytochrome P450s of human and rat. , 2012, Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA.

[137]  Yi-Fan Li,et al.  An Asia-specific source of dechlorane plus: concentration, isomer profiles, and other related compounds. , 2010, Environmental science & technology.

[138]  M. Beckmann,et al.  Transplacental exposure of neonates to perfluorooctanesulfonate and perfluorooctanoate: a pilot study , 2007, International archives of occupational and environmental health.

[139]  C. Lau,et al.  Perfluoroalkyl acids: a review of monitoring and toxicological findings. , 2007, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[140]  Tunga Salthammer,et al.  Occurrence, Dynamics and Reactions of Organic Pollutants in the Indoor Environment , 2009 .

[141]  J. Tadeo,et al.  Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human hair by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. , 2009, Talanta.

[142]  Jerry L. Campbell,et al.  In vitro intestinal and hepatic metabolism of Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in human and rat. , 2013, Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA.

[143]  C. Bergh,et al.  Organophosphate and phthalate esters in air and settled dust - a multi-location indoor study. , 2011, Indoor air.

[144]  Anders Bignert,et al.  Perfluorinated alkyl acids in blood serum from primiparous women in Sweden: serial sampling during pregnancy and nursing, and temporal trends 1996-2010. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[145]  A. Calafat,et al.  Analysis of blood spots for polyfluoroalkyl chemicals. , 2009, Analytica chimica acta.

[146]  Mehran Alaee,et al.  Human health risk assessment of occupational and residential exposures to dechlorane plus in the manufacturing facility area in China and comparison with e-waste recycling site. , 2013, The Science of the total environment.

[147]  J. Domingo,et al.  Health risks of dietary exposure to perfluorinated compounds. , 2012, Environment international.

[148]  Jonathan W. Martin,et al.  Biomonitoring of perfluoroalkyl acids in human urine and estimates of biological half-life. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[149]  A. Calafat,et al.  Measurement of eight urinary metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate as biomarkers for human exposure assessment , 2006, Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals.

[150]  J. Verreault,et al.  Novel brominated flame retardants and dechloranes in three fish species from the St. Lawrence River, Canada. , 2014, The Science of the total environment.

[151]  L. Lind,et al.  A rapid method for the determination of perfluoroalkyl substances including structural isomers of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid in human serum using 96-well plates and column-switching ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. , 2013, Journal of chromatography. A.

[152]  Holger M. Koch,et al.  New metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) in human urine and serum after single oral doses of deuterium-labelled DEHP , 2005, Archives of Toxicology.

[153]  J. M. Keller,et al.  Determination of perfluorinated alkyl acid concentrations in human serum and milk standard reference materials , 2010, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[154]  Courtney C. Carignan,et al.  Predictors of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate metabolite in the urine of office workers. , 2013, Environment international.

[155]  H. Stapleton,et al.  In vitro metabolism of the brominated flame retardants 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (TBB) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) 2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) in human and rat tissues. , 2012, Chemical research in toxicology.

[156]  Gloria B Post,et al.  Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), an emerging drinking water contaminant: a critical review of recent literature. , 2012, Environmental research.

[157]  Xiaojun Luo,et al.  Dechlorane Plus in human hair from an e-waste recycling area in South China: comparison with dust. , 2010, Environmental science & technology.

[158]  Lin Tao.  Biomonitoring of perfluorochemicals in human blood, breast milk, saliva, and urine , 2009 .

[159]  L. Birnbaum,et al.  Brominated flame retardants: cause for concern? , 2003, Environmental health perspectives.

[160]  G. W. Jepson,et al.  Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphate esters. , 1994, Environmental health perspectives.

[161]  Lyn Denison,et al.  Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants , 2013 .

[162]  K. Kannan,et al.  Use of newborn screening program blood spots for exposure assessment: declining levels of perluorinated compounds in New York State infants. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[163]  Jonathan P. Benskin,et al.  Isomer Profiles of Perfluorochemicals in Matched Maternal, Cord, and House Dust Samples: Manufacturing Sources and Transplacental Transfer , 2011, Environmental health perspectives.

[164]  G. Jamal,et al.  Low level exposures to organophosphorus esters may cause neurotoxicity. , 2002, Toxicology.

[165]  L L Needham,et al.  Levels of seven urinary phthalate metabolites in a human reference population. , 2000, Environmental health perspectives.

[166]  Robin M Whyatt,et al.  Prenatal exposures to phthalates among women in New York City and Krakow, Poland. , 2003, Environmental health perspectives.

[167]  Christine Moore.  Oral fluid and hair in workplace drug testing programs: new technology for immunoassays. , 2011, Drug testing and analysis.

[168]  U. Nilsson,et al.  Determination of a flame retardant hydrolysis product in human urine by SPE and LC–MS. Comparison of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction with a mixed-mode anion exchanger , 2004, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[169]  Z. Chai,et al.  Human hair as a potential biomonitor for assessing persistent organic pollutants. , 2007, Environment international.

[170]  D. Barceló,et al.  Dechlorane Plus and related compounds in aquatic and terrestrial biota: a review , 2012, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[171]  G. Sabino,et al.  Organophosphate pesticide environmental exposure: analysis of salivary cholinesterase and carboxilesterase activities in preschool children and their mothers , 2012, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment.

[172]  A. Covaci,et al.  First assessment of population exposure to perfluorinated compounds in Flanders, Belgium. , 2012, Chemosphere.

[173]  Jing Wang,et al.  Levels and sources of brominated flame retardants in human hair from urban, e-waste, and rural areas in South China. , 2011, Environmental pollution.

[174]  A. Covaci,et al.  Hair as an indicator of endogenous tissue levels of brominated flame retardants in mammals. , 2005, Environmental science & technology.

[175]  E. Fries,et al.  Occurrence of organophosphate esters in surface water and ground water in Germany. , 2001, Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM.

[176]  H. Koo,et al.  ESTIMATED EXPOSURE TO PHTHALATES IN COSMETICS AND RISK ASSESSMENT , 2004, Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A.

[177]  Heather M Stapleton,et al.  Measurement of polybrominated diphenyl ethers on hand wipes: estimating exposure from hand-to-mouth contact. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[178]  J. Haines,et al.  International programme on chemical safety , 1996, The Lancet.

[179]  J. Zuidema,et al.  Evaluation of the Salivette as sampling device for monitoring beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs in saliva. , 1995, Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical applications.

[180]  R. Wennig.  Potential problems with the interpretation of hair analysis results. , 2000, Forensic science international.

[181]  A. Calafat,et al.  Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals in the U.S. Population: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004 and Comparisons with NHANES 1999–2000 , 2007, Environmental health perspectives.

[182]  H. Jinno,et al.  Hydrolysis of di-n-butyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in human liver microsomes. , 2012, Chemosphere.

[183]  C. Wong,et al.  Blood plasma concentrations of endocrine disrupting chemicals in Hong Kong populations. , 2013, Journal of hazardous materials.

[184]  H. Matthews,et al.  Metabolism of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate in rats and mice. , 1991, Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

[185]  T. Brüning,et al.  Identifying sources of phthalate exposure with human biomonitoring: results of a 48h fasting study with urine collection and personal activity patterns. , 2013, International journal of hygiene and environmental health.

[186]  N. Skakkebaek,et al.  Metabolism of phthalates in humans. , 2007, Molecular nutrition & food research.

[187]  Jiping Zhu,et al.  Identification and determination of hexachlorocyclopentadienyl-dibromocyclooctane (HCDBCO) in residential indoor air and dust: a previously unreported halogenated flame retardant in the environment. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[188]  Pim de Voogt,et al.  Distribution and sources of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the River Rhine watershed. , 2010, Environmental pollution.

[189]  Cathrine Thomsen,et al.  Time trends and the influence of age and gender on serum concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in archived human samples. , 2009, Environmental science & technology.

[190]  A. Calafat,et al.  Concentrations of Phthalate Metabolites in Milk, Urine, Saliva, and Serum of Lactating North Carolina Women , 2008, Environmental health perspectives.

[191]  J C Lhuguenot,et al.  Estrogenic activity and metabolism of n-butyl benzyl phthalate in vitro: identification of the active molecule(s). , 2001, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[192]  Sophie Nicklaus,et al.  Variability of human saliva composition: possible relationships with fat perception and liking. , 2012, Archives of oral biology.

[193]  Y. Wang,et al.  Concentrations and trends of halogenated flame retardants in the pooled serum of residents of Laizhou Bay, China , 2013, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

[194]  J. Regnery,et al.  Occurrence and fate of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in urban and remote surface waters in Germany. , 2010, Water research.

[195]  Dana B Barr,et al.  Urinary levels of seven phthalate metabolites in the U.S. population from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000. , 2003, Environmental health perspectives.

[196]  Organophosphorus esters : An evaluation of chronic neurotoxic effects , 2004 .

[197]  Joseph G. Allen,et al.  Exposure to flame retardant chemicals on commercial airplanes , 2013, Environmental Health.

[198]  Jonathan P Benskin,et al.  Isomer-specific biotransformation rates of a perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)-precursor by cytochrome P450 isozymes and human liver microsomes. , 2009, Environmental science & technology.

[199]  Heather M. Stapleton,et al.  Exposure to PBDEs in the Office Environment: Evaluating the Relationships Between Dust, Handwipes, and Serum , 2011, Environmental health perspectives.

[200]  R. Kronstrand,et al.  Society of Hair Testing guidelines for drug testing in hair. , 2012, Forensic science international.

[201]  Xiao-Jun Luo,et al.  Occurrence of brominated flame retardants other than polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environmental and biota samples from southern China. , 2009, Chemosphere.

[202]  A. Covaci,et al.  Simplifying multi-residue analysis of flame retardants in indoor dust , 2013 .

[203]  Yiping Xu,et al.  PBBs, PBDEs, and PCBs levels in hair of residents around e-waste disassembly sites in Zhejiang Province, China, and their potential sources. , 2008, The Science of the total environment.

[204]  E. Russo,et al.  Phthalates: European regulation, chemistry, pharmacokinetic and related toxicity. , 2013, Environmental toxicology and pharmacology.

[205]  G. Jiang,et al.  Perfluorinated compounds and total and extractable organic fluorine in human blood samples from China. , 2008, Environmental science & technology.

[206]  S. Mabury,et al.  Enzymatic kinetic parameters for polyfluorinated alkyl phosphate hydrolysis by alkaline phosphatase , 2012, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

[207]  Gangfeng Ouyang,et al.  Microwave-assisted extraction combined with gel permeation chromatography and silica gel cleanup followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in biological samples. , 2013, Analytica chimica acta.

[208]  Min Liu,et al.  Seasonal distribution of phthalate esters in surface water of the urban lakes in the subtropical city, Guangzhou, China. , 2009, Journal of hazardous materials.

[209]  A. Calafat,et al.  Metabolite profiles of di-n-butyl phthalate in humans and rats. , 2007, Environmental science & technology.

[210]  A. Ballesteros-Gómez,et al.  Analysis of perfluorinated compounds in biota by microextraction with tetrahydrofuran and liquid chromatography/ion isolation-based ion-trap mass spectrometry. , 2010, Journal of chromatography. A.

[211]  K. Kannan,et al.  Perfluorinated compounds in human blood, water, edible freshwater fish, and seafood in China: daily intake and regional differences in human exposures. , 2011, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[212]  A. Covaci,et al.  Analytical methods for selected emerging contaminants in human matrices—a review , 2012, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[213]  L. S. Haug,et al.  Characterisation of human exposure pathways to perfluorinated compounds--comparing exposure estimates with biomarkers of exposure. , 2011, Environment international.

[214]  T. Salthammer,et al.  Flame retardants in the indoor environment -- Part II: release of VOCs (triethylphosphate and halogenated degradation products) from polyurethane. , 2003, Indoor air.

[215]  M. Karlsson.  Levels of brominated flame retardants in humans and their environment : occupational and home exposure , 2006 .

[216]  M. Fogelholm,et al.  Indicators of vitamin and mineral status in athletes' blood: a review. , 1995, International journal of sport nutrition.

[217]  Holger M. Koch,et al.  Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) metabolites in human urine and serum after a single oral dose of deuterium-labelled DEHP , 2004, Archives of Toxicology.

[218]  J. Tanus-Santos,et al.  A Critical Review of Biomarkers Used for Monitoring Human Exposure to Lead: Advantages, Limitations, and Future Needs , 2005, Environmental health perspectives.

[219]  A. Calafat,et al.  Automated solid-phase extraction and quantitative analysis of 14 phthalate metabolites in human serum using isotope dilution-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. , 2005, Journal of analytical toxicology.

[220]  A. Jarrett.  The physiology and pathophysiology of the skin. , 1973, Lancet.

[221]  G. Koren,et al.  Detection of polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in pediatric hair as a tool for determining in utero exposure. , 2012, Forensic science international.

[222]  Yawei Wang,et al.  Assessment on the occupational exposure of manufacturing workers to Dechlorane Plus through blood and hair analysis. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[223]  D. Crouch,et al.  Recovery of drugs of abuse from the Immunalysis Quantisal oral fluid collection device. , 2006, Journal of analytical toxicology.

[224]  T. Brüning,et al.  Assessing exposure to phthalates - the human biomonitoring approach. , 2011, Molecular nutrition & food research.

[225]  A. Calafat,et al.  Oxidative Metabolites of Diisononyl Phthalate as Biomarkers for Human Exposure Assessment , 2006, Environmental health perspectives.

[226]  A. Calafat,et al.  Selecting Adequate Exposure Biomarkers of Diisononyl and Diisodecyl Phthalates: Data from the 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey , 2010, Environmental health perspectives.

[227]  P. J. Callahan,et al.  Residential environmental measurements in the National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS) pilot study in Arizona: preliminary results for pesticides and VOCs , 1999, Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology.

[228]  A. Covaci,et al.  The Relationship between Levels of PCBs and Pesticides in Human Hair and Blood: Preliminary Results , 2004, Environmental health perspectives.

[229]  undefined Fda,et al.  Safety assessment of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) released from PVC medical devices , 2001 .

[230]  S. Fujii,et al.  Assessment of human exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in Japan using archived samples from the early 1980s and mid-1990s. , 2005, Environmental research.

[231]  J. Namieśnik,et al.  Human hair as a biomarker of human exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) , 2013 .

[232]  R. Kemper,et al.  In Vitro Studies in Microsomes from Rat and Human Liver, Kidney, and Intestine Suggest That Perfluorooctanoic Acid Is Not a Substrate for Microsomal UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases , 2005, Drug and chemical toxicology.

[233]  T. Brüning,et al.  Di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) metabolism in a human volunteer after single oral doses , 2012, Archives of Toxicology.

[234]  A. Tsatsakis,et al.  Hair analysis: another approach for the assessment of human exposure to selected persistent organochlorine pollutants. , 2002, Chemosphere.

[235]  Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah,et al.  Indoor contamination with hexabromocyclododecanes, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and perfluoroalkyl compounds: an important exposure pathway for people? , 2010, Environmental science & technology.

[236]  L. Hardell,et al.  Levels of brominated flame retardants in blood in relation to levels in household air and dust. , 2007, Environment international.

[237]  J. Groeger,et al.  Handbook for the Chemical Analysis of Plastic and Polymer Additives , 2007 .