Factors affecting number of citations: a comprehensive review of the literature

The majority of academic papers are scarcely cited while a few others are highly cited. A large number of studies indicate that there are many factors influencing the number of citations. An actual review is missing that provides a comprehensive review of the factors predicting the frequency of citations. In this review, we performed a search in WoS, Scopus, PubMed and Medline to retrieve relevant papers. In overall, 2087 papers were retrieved among which 198 relevant papers were included in the study. Three general categories with twenty eight factors were identified to be related to the number of citations: Category one: “paper related factors”: quality of paper; novelty and interest of subject; characteristics of fields and study topics; methodology; document type; study design; characteristics of results and discussion; use of figures and appendix in papers; characteristics of the titles and abstracts; characteristics of references; length of paper; age of paper; early citation and speed of citation; accessibility and visibility of papers. Category two: “journal related factors”: journal impact factor; language of journal; scope of journal; form of publication. Category three: “author(s) related factors”: number of authors; author’s reputation; author’s academic rank; self-citations; international and national collaboration of authors; authors’ country; gender, age and race of authors; author’s productivity; organizational features; and funding. Probably some factors such as the quality of the paper, journal impact factor, number of authors, visibility and international cooperation are stronger predictors for citations, than authors’ gender, age and race; characteristics of results and discussion and so on.

[1]  Mazda Farshad,et al.  Association of scientific and nonscientific factors to citation rates of articles of renowned orthopedic journals , 2013 .

[2]  S. Mitchell,et al.  Gendered Citation Patterns in International Relations Journals , 2013 .

[3]  András Schubert,et al.  Incremental citation impact due to international co-authorship in Hungarian higher education institutions , 2007, Scientometrics.

[4]  E. Garfield.  The history and meaning of the journal impact factor. , 2006, JAMA.

[5]  M. Ginsberg,et al.  Introspection: An Analysis of the Citation Impact of Stroke , 2012, Stroke.

[6]  Debora Shaw,et al.  Web citation data for impact assessment: A comparison of four science disciplines , 2005, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[7]  Sally Wyatt,et al.  What a difference a colon makes: how superficial factors influence subsequent citation , 2013, Scientometrics.

[8]  Birger Larsen,et al.  Influence of proceedings papers on citation impact in seven sub-fields of sustainable energy research 2005–2011 , 2014, Scientometrics.

[9]  Elizabeth S. Vieira,et al.  Citations to scientific articles: Its distribution and dependence on the article features , 2010, J. Informetrics.

[10]  Alberto Ruano-Ravina,et al.  Evidence-based editing: factors influencing the number of citations in a national journal. , 2012, Annals of epidemiology.

[11]  Peter Ingwersen,et al.  Influence of a performance indicator on Danish research production and citation impact 2000–12 , 2014, Scientometrics.

[12]  Clyde W. Holsapple,et al.  A Citation Analysis of Influences on Collaborative Computing Research , 2004, Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW).

[13]  Werner Marx,et al.  The impact of Solid State Communications in view of the ISI Citation data , 2003 .

[14]  Inga Dora Sigfusdottir,et al.  Nordic Impact: Article Productivity and Citation Patterns in Sixteen Nordic Sociology Departments , 2002 .

[15]  Karen L. Woolley,et al.  Innovative, evidence-based, practical primer tools for publication professionals working with authors in the Asia-Pacific region , 2012 .

[16]  Nuno Camacho,et al.  Unraveling Scientific Impact , 2014 .

[17]  Michelle Cleary,et al.  Psychiatry and the Hirsch h‐index: The Relationship Between Journal Impact Factors and Accrued Citations , 2010, Harvard review of psychiatry.

[18]  Henk F. Moed,et al.  Statistical relationships between downloads and citations at the level of individual documents within a single journal , 2005, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[19]  Nigel Harwood,et al.  Publication outlets and their effect on academic writers’ citations , 2008, Scientometrics.

[20]  Paul Ginsparg,et al.  Last but not least: Additional positional effects on citation and readership in arXiv , 2010, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[21]  Heather A. Piwowar,et al.  Sharing Detailed Research Data Is Associated with Increased Citation Rate , 2007, PloS one.

[22]  Dag W. Aksnes,et al.  The effect of highly cited papers on national citation indicators , 2004, Scientometrics.

[23]  Nabil Amara,et al.  What can university administrators do to increase the publication and citation scores of their faculty members? , 2015, Scientometrics.

[24]  Jonathan Adams,et al.  Early citation counts correlate with accumulated impact , 2005, Scientometrics.

[25]  Vincent Larivière,et al.  A Small World of Citations? The Influence of Collaboration Networks on Citation Practices , 2011, PloS one.

[26]  Jens Peter Andersen,et al.  Influence of study design on the citation patterns of Danish, medical research , 2013 .

[27]  Stephen S. Murray,et al.  The effect of use and access on citations , 2005, Inf. Process. Manag..

[28]  Christian B. van der Pol,et al.  Is Quality and Completeness of Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Published in High Impact Radiology Journals Associated with Citation Rates? , 2015, PloS one.

[29]  Kayvan Kousha,et al.  The citation impact of Open Access agricultural research: A comparison between OA and non-OA publications , 2010, Online Inf. Rev..

[30]  Kevin C. Chung.  Discussion: Value of citation numbers and impact factors for analysis of plastic surgery research , 2007 .

[31]  David N. Griffiths.  The Citation of United Nations Information Resources in International Relations Literature , 2008 .

[32]  Fuyuki Yoshikane,et al.  Factors affecting citation rates of research articles , 2015, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[33]  Christopher M. Snyder,et al.  Does Online Availability Increase Citations? Theory and Evidence from a Panel of Economics and Business Journals , 2013, Review of Economics and Statistics.

[34]  Michael M Bornstein,et al.  Lost in translation: the impact of publication language on citation frequency in the scientific dental literature. , 2011, Swiss medical weekly.

[35]  Michael N. Mavros,et al.  The Impact of Article Length on the Number of Future Citations: A Bibliometric Analysis of General Medicine Journals , 2013, PloS one.

[36]  Vincent Larivière,et al.  Modeling a century of citation distributions , 2008, J. Informetrics.

[37]  Jesper W. Schneider,et al.  ARE LARGER EFFECT SIZES IN EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES GOOD PREDICTORS OF HIGHER CITATION RATES ? A BAYESIAN EXAMINATION , 2013 .

[38]  Georgina Guilera,et al.  Citation analysis in research on differential item functioning , 2010 .

[39]  Thed N. van Leeuwen,et al.  Self-citations at the meso and individual levels: effects of different calculation methods , 2010, Scientometrics.

[40]  Mark B. Houston,et al.  The Impact of Article Method Type and Subject Area on Article Citations and Reference Diversity in JM, JMR, and JCR , 2001 .

[41]  Chaomei Chen,et al.  Predictive effects of structural variation on citation counts , 2012, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[42]  Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour,et al.  The Perception of Brazilian Researchers concerning the Factors that Influence the Citation of their Articles: A Study in the Field of Sustainability , 2013 .

[43]  Niloy Ganguly,et al.  Towards a stratified learning approach to predict future citation counts , 2014, IEEE/ACM Joint Conference on Digital Libraries.

[44]  Thed N. van Leeuwen,et al.  Characteristics of journal impact factors: The effects of uncitedness and citation distribution on the understanding of journal impact factors , 2005, Scientometrics.

[45]  Nader Ale Ebrahim,et al.  Visibility and Citation Impact , 2014 .

[46]  Ernesto Roldan-Valadez,et al.  Alternative bibliometrics from impact factor improved the esteem of a journal in a 2-year-ahead annual-citation calculation: multivariate analysis of gastroenterology and hepatology journals , 2015, European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology.

[47]  Mary Shultz,et al.  Online journals' impact on the citation patterns of medical faculty. , 2005, Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA.

[48]  M. Lauer,et al.  Percentile Ranking and Citation Impact of a Large Cohort of National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute–Funded Cardiovascular R01 Grants , 2014, Circulation research.

[49]  Sei-Ching Joanna Sin.  International coauthorship and citation impact: A bibliometric study of six LIS journals, 1980-2008 , 2011, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[50]  Concha Bielza,et al.  Relationship among research collaboration, number of documents and number of citations: a case study in Spanish computer science production in 2000–2009 , 2013, Scientometrics.

[51]  Y. Gingras,et al.  The Effects of Aging on Researchers' Publication and Citation Patterns , 2008, PloS one.

[52]  D.A. Dervos,et al.  cc-IFF: A Cascading Citations Impact Factor Framework for the Automatic Ranking of Research Publications , 2005, 2005 IEEE Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications.

[53]  Fiorenzo Franceschini,et al.  Scientific journal publishers and omitted citations in bibliometric databases: Any relationship? , 2014, J. Informetrics.

[54]  Paul F. Skilton.  Does the human capital of teams of natural science authors predict citation frequency? , 2009, Scientometrics.

[55]  Henk F. Moed,et al.  The effect of "open access" on citation impact: An analysis of ArXiv's condensed matter section , 2006, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[56]  Stephen S. Murray,et al.  Effect of E-printing on Citation Rates in Astronomy and Physics , 2006, ArXiv.

[57]  Jian Wang,et al.  Unpacking the Matthew effect in citations , 2014, J. Informetrics.

[58]  Jian Wang,et al.  How to improve the prediction based on citation impact percentiles for years shortly after the publication date? , 2013, J. Informetrics.

[59]  Mohammad Hanief Bhat.  Effect of Peer Review on Citations in the Open Access Environment , 2009 .

[60]  Thed N. van Leeuwen,et al.  Scaling rules in the science system: Influence of field-specific citation characteristics on the impact of individual researchers , 2009, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[61]  Parviz Abdolmaleki,et al.  Prediction of future citations of a research paper from number of its internet downloads. , 2007, Medical hypotheses.

[62]  F. A. Slama,et al.  Two-year citations of JAPPL original articles: evidence of a relative age effect. , 2012, Journal of applied physiology.

[63]  Joost C. F. de Winter,et al.  The relationship between tweets, citations, and article views for PLOS ONE articles , 2014, Scientometrics.

[64]  Lokman I. Meho,et al.  Impact of data sources on citation counts and rankings of LIS faculty: Web of science versus scopus and google scholar , 2007, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[65]  Lutz Bornmann,et al.  Citation speed as a measure to predict the attention an article receives: An investigation of the validity of editorial decisions at Angewandte Chemie International Edition , 2010, J. Informetrics.

[66]  Michael S. Patterson,et al.  The relationship between reviewers’ quality-scores and number of citations for papers published in the journal Physics in Medicine and Biology from 2003–2005 , 2009, Scientometrics.

[67]  Alberto Accomazzi,et al.  Linking to Data - Effect on Citation Rates in Astronomy , 2011, ArXiv.

[68]  Cody J. Weinberger,et al.  The Scientific Impact of Nations: Journal Placement and Citation Performance , 2014, PloS one.

[69]  Daniel E. O'Leary,et al.  On the relationship between citations and appearances on "top 25" download lists in the International Journal of Accounting Information Systems , 2008, Int. J. Account. Inf. Syst..

[70]  Chih-Fong Tsai,et al.  Citation impact analysis of research papers that appear in oral and poster sessions: A case study of three computer science conferences , 2014, Online Inf. Rev..

[71]  K. Jaffe.  Do countries with lower self-citation rates produce higher impact papers? Or, does humility pay? , 2011 .

[72]  Moshe Kon,et al.  Value of Citation Numbers and Impact Factors for Analysis of Plastic Surgery Research , 2007, Plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[73]  Tony Dale,et al.  Science from the periphery: Collaboration, networks and 'Periphery Effects' in the citation of New Zealand Crown Research Institutes articles, 1995-2000 , 2003, Scientometrics.

[74]  Michael R Elliott,et al.  Feasibility of an automated telephone survey to enable prospective monitoring of subjects whose confidentiality is paramount: a four-week cohort study of partner violence recurrence after Emergency Department discharge , 2008, Epidemiologic perspectives & innovations : EP+I.

[75]  Alan L. Porter,et al.  Distance and velocity measures: using citations to determine breadth and speed of research impact , 2014, Scientometrics.

[76]  Anthony F. J. van Raan,et al.  Citation Analysis May Severely Underestimate the Impact of Clinical Research as Compared to Basic Research , 2012, PloS one.

[77]  Daniel E. O'Leary,et al.  The relationship between citations and number of downloads in Decision Support Systems , 2008, Decis. Support Syst..

[78]  Andy R Weale,et al.  The level of non-citation of articles within a journal as a measure of quality: a comparison to the impact factor , 2004, BMC medical research methodology.

[79]  Tian Yu,et al.  Citation impact prediction for scientific papers using stepwise regression analysis , 2014, Scientometrics.

[80]  Concha Bielza,et al.  Predicting citation count of Bioinformatics papers within four years of publication , 2009, Bioinform..

[81]  T. Jacques,et al.  The impact of article titles on citation hits: an analysis of general and specialist medical journals , 2010, JRSM short reports.

[82]  R. Lira,et al.  Comparação das características de citação entre os relatos de caso/séries de casos versus demais desenhos de estudos nos artigos publicados em periódicos brasileiros de Oftalmologia , 2014 .

[83]  Keshra Sangwal.  On the relationship between citations of publication output and Hirsch index h of authors: conceptualization of tapered Hirsch index hT, circular citation area radius R and citation acceleration a , 2012, Scientometrics.

[84]  Paul Ginsparg,et al.  Positional effects on citation and readership in arXiv , 2009, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[85]  José Alexandre Felizola Diniz-Filho,et al.  Weak evidence for determinants of citation frequency in ecological articles , 2010, Scientometrics.

[86]  Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala,et al.  Bibliometrics of systematic reviews: analysis of citation rates and journal impact factors , 2013, Systematic Reviews.

[87]  Gaston Heimeriks,et al.  Do more distant collaborations have more citation impact? , 2013, J. Informetrics.

[88]  A. J. Meadows.  THE CITATION CHARACTERISTICS OF ASTRONOMICAL RESEARCH LITERATURE , 1967 .

[89]  Daren Yu,et al.  Effect of the age of papers on the preferential attachment in citation networks , 2009 .

[90]  Wolfgang Glänzel,et al.  Publication activity, citation impact and bi-directional links between publications and patents in biotechnology , 2011, Scientometrics.

[91]  Paul F. Skilton.  A comparative study of communal practice: Assessing the effects of taken-for-granted-ness on citation practice in scientific communities , 2006, Scientometrics.

[92]  Carlos Eduardo Leite Arieta,et al.  Influence of English language in the number of citations of articles published in Brazilian journals of ophthalmology. , 2013, Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia.

[93]  Yuman Fong,et al.  Citation characteristics of basic science research publications in general surgical journals. , 2005, The Journal of surgical research.

[94]  K. Frenken,et al.  The citation impact of research collaborations : the case of European biotechnology and applied microbiology (1988-2002) , 2005 .

[95]  Jiang Tang,et al.  Citation characterization and impact normalization in bioinformatics journals , 2012, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[96]  Abbas Horri,et al.  The citation performance of open access journals: A disciplinary investigation of citation distribution models , 2007, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[97]  G. Antoniou,et al.  Bibliometric analysis of factors predicting increased citations in the vascular and endovascular literature. , 2015, Annals of vascular surgery.

[98]  Bárbara S. Lancho-Barrantes,et al.  Citation flows in the zones of influence of scientific collaborations , 2012, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[99]  Stephen J. Bensman.  Distributional differences of the impact factor in the sciences versus the social sciences: An analysis of the probabilistic structure of the 2005 journal citation reports , 2008, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[100]  Anil Kumar,et al.  Research and citation impact of publications by the Chemistry Division at Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , 2007, Scientometrics.

[101]  Jeroen J. Bax,et al.  From abstract to impact in cardiovascular research: factors predicting publication and citation , 2012, European heart journal.

[102]  Jonathan J. H. Zhu,et al.  Where you publish matters most: A multilevel analysis of factors affecting citations of internet studies , 2012, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[103]  Daqing He,et al.  The correlations between article citation and references' impact measures: What can we learn? , 2013, ASIST.

[104]  Mike Thelwall,et al.  The long-term influence of collaboration on citation patterns , 2014 .

[105]  Thomas V Perneger,et al.  Competing interests: None declared. Ethical approval: Ethics committee of Côte d’Ivoire’s Ministry of Public Health and the Institutional Review Board of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , 2004 .

[106]  Ming-Yueh Tsay,et al.  The nature and relationship between the productivity of journals and their citations in semiconductor literature , 2004, Scientometrics.

[107]  S. Sala,et al.  The impact of self-citation , 2010, Cortex.

[108]  Teja Koler-Povh,et al.  Impact of open access on citation of scholarly publications in the field of civil engineering , 2013, Scientometrics.

[109]  Anthony F. J. van Raan,et al.  Non-alphanumeric characters in titles of scientific publications: An analysis of their occurrence and correlation with citation impact , 2011, J. Informetrics.

[110]  Stevan Harnad,et al.  Earlier Web Usage Statistics as Predictors of Later Citation Impact , 2005, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[111]  Felicia A. Barrett,et al.  Impact of online journals on citation patterns of dentistry, nursing, and pharmacy faculty. , 2010, Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA.

[112]  W. B. Lievers,et al.  Characterizing the frequency of repeated citations: The effects of journal, subject area, and self-citation , 2012, Inf. Process. Manag..

[113]  K. A. McKibbon,et al.  Prediction of citation counts for clinical articles at two years using data available within three weeks of publication: retrospective cohort study , 2008, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[114]  Nick Haslam,et al.  Predicting Long-Term Citation Impact of Articles in Social and Personality Psychology , 2010, Psychological reports.

[115]  Rafael Suárez-Vega,et al.  Journal topic citation potential and between-field comparisons: The topic normalized impact factor , 2014, J. Informetrics.

[116]  S. Sala,et al.  Multi-authors' self-citation: A further impact factor bias? , 2008, Cortex.

[117]  Duncan A. Robertson,et al.  When does brokerage matter? Citation impact of research teams in an emerging academic field , 2014 .

[118]  Freda B. Lynn.  Diffusing through Disciplines: Insiders, Outsiders, and Socially Influenced Citation Behavior , 2014 .

[119]  Silvia Knobloch-Westerwick,et al.  The Matilda Effect—Role Congruity Effects on Scholarly Communication , 2013, Commun. Res..

[120]  Vetle I. Torvik,et al.  Deconstructing the collaborative impact: Article and author characteristics that influence citation count , 2013, ASIST.

[121]  Tian Yu,et al.  Features of scientific papers and the relationships with their citation impact , 2014 .

[122]  Steffen Bernius,et al.  Open Access to Scientific Literature Increasing Citations as an Incentive for Authors to Make their Publications Freely Accessible , 2009 .

[123]  Debora Franceschi,et al.  Randomized clinical trials in implant therapy: relationships among methodological, statistical, clinical, paratextual features and number of citations. , 2007, Clinical oral implants research.

[124]  H. Stephen McMinn,et al.  Tracking the use of engineering conference papers: citation influence of the Stapp Car Crash Conference , 2011 .

[125]  Philip M. Davis,et al.  Does open access lead to increased readership and citations? A randomized controlled trial of articles published in APS journals. , 2010, The Physiologist.

[126]  Peter Schlattmann,et al.  Impact of Article Language in Multi-Language Medical Journals - a Bibliometric Analysis of Self-Citations and Impact Factor , 2013, PloS one.

[127]  Vincent Larivière,et al.  The kiss of death? The effect of being cited in a review on subsequent citations , 2014, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[128]  Peter Ingwersen,et al.  Publication point indicators: A comparative case study of two publication point systems and citation impact in an interdisciplinary context , 2010, J. Informetrics.

[129]  Krushna Chandra Panda,et al.  Citation analysis and research impact of National Metallurgical Laboratory, India during 1972-2007: a case study , 2010 .

[130]  Omwoyo Bosire Onyancha,et al.  Knowledge production through collaborative research in sub-Saharan Africa: how much do countries contribute to each other’s knowledge output and citation impact? , 2011, Scientometrics.

[131]  Pentti Nieminen,et al.  The effect of statistical methods and study reporting characteristics on the number of citations: A study of four general psychiatric journals , 2003, Scientometrics.

[132]  Gerard Pasterkamp,et al.  Citation frequency: A biased measure of research impact significantly influenced by the geographical origin of research articles , 2007, Scientometrics.

[133]  Mike Thelwall,et al.  Determinants of research citation impact in nanoscience and nanotechnology , 2013, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[134]  G. Buela-Casal,et al.  Analysis of the relationship between the number of citations and the quality evaluated by experts in psychology journals. , 2010, Psicothema.

[135]  Han Woo Park,et al.  Factors affecting citation networks in science and technology: focused on non-quality factors , 2014, Quality & Quantity.

[136]  Jingfeng Xia,et al.  Multiple open access availability and citation impact , 2011, J. Inf. Sci..

[137]  Jayson L. Lusk,et al.  Determinants of Citations to the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association Journals , 2009 .

[138]  Deborah Jones Merritt,et al.  Scholarly Influence in A Diverse Legal Academy: Race, Sex, and Citation Counts , 2000, The Journal of Legal Studies.

[139]  Leila Dehghani,et al.  Citations to highly-cited researchers by their co-authors and their self-citations: How these factors affect highly-cited researchers' h-index in Scopus , 2011, Webology.

[140]  Hanna-Mari Puuska,et al.  International and domestic co-publishing and their citation impact in different disciplines , 2013, Scientometrics.

[141]  魏屹东,et al.  Scientometrics , 2018, Encyclopedia of Big Data.

[142]  Lei Wang,et al.  Why Do IS Scholars Cite Other Scholars? An Empirical Analysis of the Direct and Moderating Effects of Cooperation and Competition among IS Scholars on Individual Citation Behavior , 2014, ICIS.

[143]  Fabrice Carrat,et al.  Contribution of Genome-Wide Association Studies to Scientific Research: A Bibliometric Survey of the Citation Impacts of GWAS and Candidate Gene Studies Published during the Same Period and in the Same Journals , 2012, PloS one.

[144]  Vincent Larivière,et al.  Self-Selected or Mandated, Open Access Increases Citation Impact for Higher Quality Research , 2010, PloS one.

[145]  Barbara F. Walter,et al.  The Gender Citation Gap in International Relations , 2013, International Organization.

[146]  Tomo Cerovsek,et al.  A comparative study of cross-domain research output and citations: Research impact cubes and binary citation frequencies , 2014, J. Informetrics.

[147]  Ali Gazni,et al.  Investigating different types of research collaboration and citation impact: a case study of Harvard University’s publications , 2011, Scientometrics.

[148]  Abbas Horri,et al.  Countries positioning in open access journals system: An investigation of citation distribution patterns , 2009, Scientometrics.

[149]  Weina Hua,et al.  Scholarly impact measurements of LIS open access journals: based on citations and links , 2011, Electron. Libr..

[150]  Lutz Bornmann,et al.  What factors determine citation counts of publications in chemistry besides their quality? , 2012, J. Informetrics.

[151]  Lutz Bornmann,et al.  Multiple publication on a single research study: Does it pay? The influence of number of research articles on total citation counts in biomedicine , 2007, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[152]  Antonio García-Romero,et al.  Measuring the influence of clinical trials citations on several bibliometric indicators , 2009, Scientometrics.

[153]  Kevin Winker,et al.  In scientific publishing at the article level, effort matters more than journal impact factors: hard work and co-authors overshadow journal venue in acquiring citations. , 2011, BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology.

[154]  Philipp Dahm,et al.  Predictors of citations in the urological literature , 2011, BJU international.

[155]  D. Aksnes.  CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGHLY CITED PAPERS , 2003 .

[156]  Daniele Fanelli.  Any publicity is better than none: newspaper coverage increases citations, in the UK more than in Italy , 2012, Scientometrics.

[157]  M. HamidR.Jamali,et al.  Article title type and its relation with the number of downloads and citations , 2011, Scientometrics.

[158]  Daniella Meeker,et al.  Assessing the scholarly impact of health psychology: a citation analysis of articles published from 1993 to 2003. , 2010, Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association.

[159]  Barbara J. Robson,et al.  Predicting citation counts of environmental modelling papers , 2014 .

[160]  Lutz Bornmann,et al.  The problem of citation impact assessments for recent publication years in institutional evaluations , 2013, J. Informetrics.

[161]  Gunther Eysenbach,et al.  Can Tweets Predict Citations? Metrics of Social Impact Based on Twitter and Correlation with Traditional Metrics of Scientific Impact , 2011, Journal of medical Internet research.

[162]  R. Wears,et al.  Citation characteristics of research published in Emergency Medicine versus other scientific journals. , 2001, Annals of emergency medicine.

[163]  J. P. Dietrich,et al.  Disentangling Visibility and Self-Promotion Bias in the arXiv:astro-ph Positional Citation Effect , 2008, ArXiv.

[164]  Iain D. Craig,et al.  Do open access articles have greater citation impact?: A critical review of the literature , 2007, J. Informetrics.

[165]  Concepción S. Wilson,et al.  Measuring the citation impact of research journals in clinical neurology: A structural equation modelling analysis , 2004, Scientometrics.

[166]  Travis S. Metcalfe.  The Citation Impact of Digital Preprint Archives for Solar Physics Papers , 2006 .

[167]  M. Swiontkowski,et al.  Factors associated with citation rates in the orthopedic literature. , 2007, Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie.

[168]  Sanghack Lee,et al.  Author and article characteristics, journal quality and citation in economic research , 2010 .

[169]  K. Frenken,et al.  The citation impact of research collaboration in science‐based industries: A spatial‐institutional analysis , 2010 .

[170]  Dennis N. Ocholla,et al.  Proceedings of ISSI 2007 - 11th International Conference of the International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics , 2005 .

[171]  Félix de Moya Anegón,et al.  Relationship between downloads and citations at journal and paper levels, and the influence of language , 2014, Scientometrics.

[172]  K. Filion,et al.  Factors related to the frequency of citation of epidemiologic publications , 2008, Epidemiologic perspectives & innovations : EP+I.

[173]  Benedicte Millet-Reyes.  The impact of citations in International Finance , 2013 .

[174]  A. Kulkarni,et al.  Characteristics Associated with Citation Rate of the Medical Literature , 2007, PloS one.

[175]  P. Pagel,et al.  Scholarly productivity of united states academic cardiothoracic anesthesiologists: influence of fellowship accreditation and transesophageal echocardiographic credentials on h-index and other citation bibliometrics. , 2011, Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia.

[176]  Christopher M. Snyder,et al.  Identifying the Effect of Open Access on Citations Using a Panel of Science Journals , 2013 .

[177]  George A. Barnett,et al.  Impact of the internet and scholar age distribution on academic citation age , 2008, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[178]  Jiang Wu,et al.  Assessing impact and quality from local dynamics of citation networks , 2012, J. Informetrics.

[179]  Elizabeth S. Vieira,et al.  How to Improve the Citation Impact of a Paper: Choice of Journal, Co-authors and Institutional Addresses , 2009 .

[180]  Kevin W. Boyack,et al.  Indicator-assisted evaluation and funding of research: Visualizing the influence of grants on the number and citation counts of research papers , 2003, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[181]  Jerome K. Vanclay,et al.  Factors affecting citation rates in environmental science , 2013, J. Informetrics.

[182]  T. Rees,et al.  Accesses versus citations: why you need to measure both to assess publication impact , 2012 .

[183]  R. Wears,et al.  Journal prestige, publication bias, and other characteristics associated with citation of published studies in peer-reviewed journals. , 2002, JAMA.

[184]  R. Jayawardena,et al.  Determinants of the citation rate of medical research publications from a developing country , 2014, SpringerPlus.

[185]  Jan L. Youtie.  The use of citation speed to understand the effects of a multi-institutional science center , 2014, Scientometrics.

[186]  Amber E. Budden,et al.  The Influence of Author Gender, National Language and Number of Authors on Citation Rate in Ecology , 2009 .

[187]  Tove Faber Frandsen,et al.  The ripple effect: Citation chain reactions of a nobel prize , 2013, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[188]  Danping Wang,et al.  Needs analysis and curriculum development of vocational Chinese for NCS students , 2014, SpringerPlus.

[189]  Helen Georgas,et al.  A Citation Study of the Characteristics of the Linguistics Literature , 2005 .

[190]  Michael J. Gallivan.  Analyzing citation impact of IS research by women and men: do women have higher levels of research impact? , 2012, SIGMIS-CPR '12.

[191]  Clément Bosquet,et al.  Are academics who publish more also more cited? Individual determinants of publication and citation records , 2013, Scientometrics.

[192]  Carlo Giupponi,et al.  Co-Authorship and Bibliographic Coupling Network Effects on Citations , 2014, PloS one.

[193]  Lawrence D. Fu,et al.  Using content-based and bibliometric features for machine learning models to predict citation counts in the biomedical literature , 2010, Scientometrics.

[194]  J. Ioannidis,et al.  Relative Citation Impact of Various Study Designs in the Health Sciences , 2005, JAMA.

[195]  Thomas V Perneger,et al.  Online accesses to medical research articles on publication predicted citations up to 15 years later. , 2015, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[196]  Bhaskar Mukherjee,et al.  Short and amusing: The relationship between title characteristics, downloads, and citations in psychology articles , 2014, J. Inf. Sci..

[197]  Glenn D. Walters,et al.  Predicting subsequent citations to articles published in twelve crime-psychology journals: Author impact versus journal impact , 2006, Scientometrics.

[198]  Amber E. Budden,et al.  Do citations and impact factors relate to the real numbers in publications? A case study of citation rates, impact, and effect sizes in ecology and evolutionary biology , 2012, Scientometrics.

[199]  Lutz Bornmann,et al.  How to calculate the practical significance of citation impact differences? An empirical example from evaluative institutional bibliometrics using adjusted predictions and marginal effects , 2013, J. Informetrics.

[200]  Rick Ralston,et al.  Do local citation patterns support use of the impact factor for collection development? , 2008, Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA.

[201]  Henk F. Moed,et al.  Statistical relationships between downloads and citations at the level of individual documents within a single journal: Book Reviews , 2005 .

[202]  Mohammad Hajizadeh,et al.  The effect of characteristics of title on citation rates of articles , 2013, Scientometrics.

[203]  Martin Schumacher,et al.  The relationship between quality of research and citation frequency , 2006, BMC medical research methodology.

[204]  Ian Ayres,et al.  Determinants of Citations to Articles in Elite Law Reviews , 1999 .

[205]  Brian A. Nosek,et al.  Cumulative and Career-Stage Citation Impact of Social-Personality Psychology Programs and Their Members , 2010, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

[206]  J. Koricheva,et al.  What determines the citation frequency of ecological papers? , 2005, Trends in ecology & evolution.