Design framework for unobtrusive patient location recognition using passive RFID and particle filtering

The remarkable growth in wireless communication technologies in recent times has motivated the synergy between wireless systems and medical sciences for improved healthcare services. Several emerging wireless technologies and approaches have therefore been proposed to achieve various efficient monitoring systems for health-related activities. In this paper, localisation of a patient using the ranging approach of received signal strength from passive RFID was proposed in the form of smart room. The proposed system is modelled based on a three-level intelligent model of transition, signal measurement and location sensing. The measured RSS is analysed using particle filtering algorithm as a means of localising the position of the target in indoor environments. The system was simulated in a test bed environment using wireless insite with satisfactory results. The system is aimed at achieving a non-wearable sensor approach that is unobtrusive and non-invasive for recognition of activity and location of critically-ill patients and the elderly for timely and reliable healthcare intervention.