Triad forest management: Scenario analysis of forest zoning effects on timber and non-timber values in New Brunswick, Canada

Triad forest management is a form of zoning under which land is allocated into extensively managed, intensively managed, and reserve zones, with management tailored in each zone such that all objectives are met collectively across the landbase. We evaluated the utility of triad management on the privately-owned, industrial, 190 000-ha Black Brook District in New Brunswick, Canada. Scenario planning was used to simulate effects of 64 allocation scenarios (0–15% reserve area, 39–64% intensively managed softwood, and 21–61% extensively managed) on forest species composition, age class distribution, timber growing stock, harvest levels, and old forest habitat. Softwood harvest in the short term (30 years) was insensitive to reserve and intensive management allocations but doubled in the long term as the intensive management zone was increased from 39% to 64%.Hardwood harvest was sensitive only to area in reserves, declining as the area allocated to reserves was increased. Abundance of old forest generally inc...

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