Monitoring delamination of laminated CFRP using the electric potential change method (two-stage monitoring for robust estimation)

Detecting delaminations of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates is a difficult task for visual inspection. Delaminations cause large reductions in strength and stiffness of CFRP laminates, bringing deterioration of the structural reliability of a CFRP. Monitoring for delamination is, therefore, indispensable to maintain the reliability of a CFRP structure. In a previous study, we adopted the electric potential change method to detect delamination. This method shows good estimation performance for delamination cracks located near the edges of a specimen, but poor performance near the center where large errors that depend on the delamination shapes are created. A zigzag delamination caused by matrix cracking has a large effect on estimation performance; so the electric potential change method was not applicable to monitoring for delamination. In this paper, a mechanism that brings large errors of estimation due to the shape of the delamination is detailed. FEM analyses show a small electric current in the thickness direction in the center segment of a specimen causes large effects on the estimation performance. The problem is overcome by means of a newly proposed concept, a two-stage method. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated using FEM analyses.

[1]  Kazumasa Moriya,et al.  A study on flaw detection method for CFRP composite laminates. (1st report). The measurement of crack extension in CFRP composites by electrical potential method. , 1988 .

[2]  Kazumasa Moriya A study on flaw detection method for CFRP composite laminates. (2nd Report). Use of joule effect for detecting flaws and local fiber concentrations in CFRP composites. , 1989 .

[3]  Dae-Cheol Seo,et al.  Damage detection of CFRP laminates using electrical resistance measurement and neural network , 1999 .

[4]  Hideo Kobayashi,et al.  Analysis of the Effect of the Configuration of the Delamination Crack on Delamination Monitoring with Electric Resistance Change Method , 2003 .

[5]  Phil E. Irving,et al.  Fatigue damage characterization in carbon fibre composite materials using an electrical potential technique , 1998 .

[6]  Hiroaki Yanagida,et al.  Hybrid composites with self-diagnosing function for preventing fatal fracture , 2001 .

[7]  Akira Todoroki,et al.  Measurement of orthotropic electric conductance of CFRP laminates and analysis of the effect on delamination monitoring with an electric resistance change method , 2002 .

[8]  Akira Todoroki,et al.  Delamination identification of cross-ply graphite/epoxy composite beams using electric resistance change method , 2002 .

[9]  R. Ohtani,et al.  Analysis on the applicability of direct current electrical potential method to the detection of damage by multiple small internal cracks , 1997 .

[10]  Hideo Kobayashi,et al.  Monitoring delamination of laminated CFRP using the electric potential change method: Application of normalization method and the effect of the shape of a delamination crack , 2004 .

[11]  Karl Schulte,et al.  Load and failure analyses of CFRP laminates by means of electrical resistivity measurements , 1989 .

[12]  Akira Todoroki,et al.  High performance estimations of delamination of graphite/epoxy laminates with electric resistance change method , 2003 .

[13]  R. H. Myers,et al.  Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments , 1995 .

[14]  Akira Todoroki,et al.  The effect of number of electrodes and diagnostic tool for monitoring the delamination of CFRP laminates by changes in electrical resistance , 2001 .

[15]  A. Todoroki,et al.  Health monitoring of internal delamination cracks for graphite/epoxy composites by electric potential method , 2000 .

[16]  Akira Todoroki,et al.  Delamination Monitoring of Graphite/Epoxy Laminated Composite Plate with Electric Resistance Change Method , 2002 .

[17]  A. Chateauminois,et al.  In situ detection of damage in CFRP laminates by electrical resistance measurements , 1999 .

[18]  Douglas C. Montgomery,et al.  Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments , 1995 .

[19]  Nobuo Takeda,et al.  Electromechanical modeling of unidirectional CFRP composites under tensile loading condition , 2002 .

[20]  C. N. Owston,et al.  Eddy current methods for the examination of carbon fibre reinforced epoxy resins , 1976 .

[21]  D. Chung,et al.  Carbon fiber reinforced concrete for smart structures capable of non-destructive flaw detection , 1993 .

[22]  Peter Schwartz,et al.  Monitoring bending fatigue in carbon-fibre/epoxy composite strands: a comparison between mechanical and resistance techniques , 2001 .

[23]  K. Ohji,et al.  Crack identification by the electric potential CT inverse analyses incorporating optimization techniques , 1990 .