Sequential identification of a degradable phosphate glass scaffold for skeletal muscle regeneration

Tissue engineering has the potential to overcome limitations associated with current management of skeletal muscle defects. This study aimed to sequentially identify a degradable phosphate glass scaffold for the restoration of muscle defects. A series of glass compositions were investigated for the potential to promote bacterial growth. Thereafter, the response of human craniofacial muscle‐derived cells was determined. Glass compositions containing Fe4‐ and 5 mol% did not promote greater Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis growth compared to the control (p > 0.05). Following confirmation of myogenicity, further studies assessed the biocompatibility of glasses containing Fe5 mol%. Cells seeded on collagen‐coated disks demonstrated comparable cellular metabolic activity to control. Upregulation of genes encoding for myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) confirmed myofibre formation and there was expression of developmental MYH genes. The use of 3‐D aligned fibre scaffolds supported unidirectional cell alignment and upregulation of MRF and developmental MYH genes. Compared to the 2‐D disks, there was also expression of MYH2 and MYH7 genes, indicating further myofibre maturation on the 3‐D scaffolds and confirming the importance of key biophysical cues. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[1]  H. Vandenburgh,et al.  Mechanical stimulation improves tissue-engineered human skeletal muscle. , 2002, American journal of physiology. Cell physiology.

[2]  R Shah,et al.  Craniofacial muscle engineering using a 3-dimensional phosphate glass fibre construct. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[3]  Randall J. Lee,et al.  Engineering of aligned skeletal muscle by micropatterning. , 2010, American journal of translational research.

[4]  C. Arrecubieta,et al.  SdrF, a Staphylococcus epidermidis Surface Protein, Contributes to the Initiation of Ventricular Assist Device Driveline–Related Infections , 2009, PLoS pathogens.

[5]  Masayuki Yamato,et al.  A thermoresponsive, microtextured substrate for cell sheet engineering with defined structural organization. , 2008, Biomaterials.

[6]  William H. Klein,et al.  Muscle deficiency and neonatal death in mice with a targeted mutation in the myogenin gene , 1993, Nature.

[7]  I Olsen,et al.  Processing, characterisation and biocompatibility of iron-phosphate glass fibres for tissue engineering. , 2004, Biomaterials.

[8]  J. Vacanti,et al.  Tissue engineering : Frontiers in biotechnology , 1993 .

[9]  Peter Molnar,et al.  Photolithographic Patterning of C2C12 Myotubes using Vitronectin as Growth Substrate in Serum‐Free Medium , 2007, Biotechnology progress.

[10]  T. Matsuda,et al.  Tissue engineered skeletal muscle: preparation of highly dense, highly oriented hybrid muscular tissues. , 1998, Cell transplantation.

[11]  J. Knowles,et al.  Development of soluble glasses for biomedical use Part II: The biological response of human osteoblast cell lines to phosphate-based soluble glasses , 2000, Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine.

[12]  F. Watari,et al.  Properties and cytotoxicity of water soluble Na2O-CaO-P2O5 glasses. , 1998, Biomaterials.

[13]  M. Peel,et al.  Control of attachment, morphology, and proliferation of skeletal myoblasts on silanized glass. , 1999, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[14]  Harold R Garner,et al.  Protein-coated poly(L-lactic acid) fibers provide a substrate for differentiation of human skeletal muscle cells. , 2004, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[15]  Shuichi Takayama,et al.  Microfeature guided skeletal muscle tissue engineering for highly organized 3-dimensional free-standing constructs. , 2009, Biomaterials.

[16]  M. O'Neill,et al.  Differentiation without cell division in cultured skeletal muscle. , 1972, Developmental biology.

[17]  Salih,et al.  The effect of MgO on the solubility behavior and cell proliferation in a quaternary soluble phosphate based glass system , 2002, Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine.

[18]  B. Pogell,et al.  Mode of action of pamamycin in Staphylococcus aureus , 1981, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

[19]  S. Hering,et al.  A comparative study of three different biomaterials in the engineering of skeletal muscle using a rat animal model. , 2004, Biomaterials.

[20]  J. Vacanti,et al.  Tissue engineering: a 21st century solution to surgical reconstruction. , 2001, The Annals of thoracic surgery.

[21]  D. Fischman,et al.  Immunochemical analysis of myosin heavy chain during avian myogenesis in vivo and in vitro , 1982, The Journal of cell biology.

[22]  Z. Yablonka-Reuveni,et al.  Temporal expression of regulatory and structural muscle proteins during myogenesis of satellite cells on isolated adult rat fibers. , 1994, Developmental biology.

[23]  K. Miura,et al.  Functional Analysis of the Leading Malaria Vaccine Candidate AMA-1 Reveals an Essential Role for the Cytoplasmic Domain in the Invasion Process , 2009, PLoS pathogens.

[24]  Xiaoyan Yu,et al.  Properties and Structure of Sodium-iron Phosphate Glasses , 1997 .

[25]  P. Chomczyński,et al.  Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. , 1987, Analytical biochemistry.

[26]  H. Bannasch,et al.  Engineering of muscle tissue. , 2003, Clinics in plastic surgery.

[27]  Herman H. Vandenburgh,et al.  Maintenance of highly contractile tissue-cultured avian skeletal myotubes in collagen gel , 1988, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology.

[28]  L. Leinwand,et al.  The mammalian myosin heavy chain gene family. , 1996, Annual review of cell and developmental biology.

[29]  M. Sefton,et al.  Tissue engineering. , 1998, Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgery.

[30]  U. Geipel.  Pathogenic organisms in hip joint infections , 2009, International journal of medical sciences.

[31]  J. Kentish,et al.  Unloaded shortening velocities of rabbit masseter muscle fibres expressing skeletal or alpha‐cardiac myosin heavy chains. , 1996, The Journal of physiology.

[32]  W. LaFramboise,et al.  Muscle tissue engineering. , 1999, Clinics in plastic surgery.

[33]  J. Davies,et al.  Low-temperature particulate calcium phosphates for bone regeneration. , 2010, Clinical oral implants research.

[34]  A. Boccaccini,et al.  Effect of iron on the surface, degradation and ion release properties of phosphate-based glass fibres. , 2005, Acta biomaterialia.

[35]  Robert Langer,et al.  Tissue engineering: the design and fabrication of living replacement devices for surgical reconstruction and transplantation , 1999, The Lancet.

[36]  J. Knowles,et al.  Iron-phosphate glass fiber scaffolds for the hard-soft interface regeneration: the effect of fiber diameter and flow culture condition on cell survival and differentiation. , 2008, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[37]  G. Butler-Browne,et al.  Adult human masseter muscle fibers express myosin isozymes characteristic of development , 1988, Muscle & nerve.

[38]  S. Tapscott,et al.  Muscle-specific transcriptional activation by MyoD. , 1991, Genes & development.

[39]  G. Butler-Browne,et al.  Differences in myosin composition between human oro-facial, masticatory and limb muscles: enzyme-, immunohisto-and biochemical studies , 1994, Journal of Muscle Research & Cell Motility.

[40]  P. Clark,et al.  Preferential adhesion to and survival on patterned laminin organizes myogenesis in vitro. , 1997, Experimental cell research.

[41]  H. Vandenburgh,et al.  Attenuation of skeletal muscle wasting with recombinant human growth hormone secreted from a tissue-engineered bioartificial muscle. , 1998, Human gene therapy.

[42]  Joan E Sanders,et al.  Tissue engineering of skeletal muscle using polymer fiber arrays. , 2003, Tissue engineering.

[43]  M. Grounds.  Towards understanding skeletal muscle regeneration. , 1991, Pathology, research and practice.

[44]  R. Cooper,et al.  In vivo satellite cell activation via Myf5 and MyoD in regenerating mouse skeletal muscle. , 1999, Journal of cell science.