Heat and mass transport in cylindrical gas‐filled incandescent lamps

The heat and mass transport in a gas‐filled incandescent lamp is governed by convection and heat conduction or mass diffusion, respectively. Proceeding from the basic equations of continuum mechanics a numerical method has been developed to calculate the temperature distribution, the flow field of the filling gas, and the flow of the wire material in a horizontal cylindrical lamp. The results are compared to interferometric temperature measurements and to flow patterns obtained by a tracer technique.