Structural basis for preferential binding of H-NS to curved DNA.

The Escherichia coli H-NS protein is a nucleoid-associated protein involved in transcription regulation and DNA compaction. H-NS exerts its role in DNA condensation by non-specific interactions with DNA. With respect to transcription regulation preferential binding sites in the promoter regions of different genes have been reported. In this paper we describe the analysis of H-NS-DNA complexes on a preferred H-NS binding site by atomic force microscopy. On the basis of these data we present a model for the specific recognition of DNA by H-NS as a function of DNA curvature.

[1]  C. Bustamante,et al.  Polymer chain statistics and conformational analysis of DNA molecules with bends or sections of different flexibility. , 1998, Journal of molecular biology.

[2]  H. Ingmer,et al.  H‐NS: a modulator of environmentally regulated gene expression , 1997, Molecular microbiology.

[3]  C. Higgins,et al.  In vivo supercoiling of plasmid and chromosomal DNA in an Escherichia coli hns mutant , 1997, Journal of bacteriology.

[4]  C. Gualerzi,et al.  The oligomeric structure of nucleoid protein H‐NS is necessary for recognition of intrinsically curved DNA and for DNA bending , 1997, The EMBO journal.

[5]  M. De Felice,et al.  Cryptic operon for beta-glucoside metabolism in Escherichia coli K12: genetic evidence for a regulatory protein. , 1981, Genetics.

[6]  C. Wyman,et al.  H-NS mediated compaction of DNA visualised by atomic force microscopy. , 2000, Nucleic acids research.

[7]  C. Gualerzi,et al.  Thermoregulation of Shigella and Escherichia coli EIEC pathogenicity. A temperature‐dependent structural transition of DNA modulates accessibility of virF promoter to transcriptional repressor H‐NS , 1998, The EMBO journal.

[8]  T. Mizuno,et al.  The Escherichia coli nucleoid protein H‐NS functions directly as a transcriptional repressor. , 1993, The EMBO journal.

[9]  H. Buc,et al.  Modulated expression of promoters containing upstream curved DNA sequences by the Escherichia coli nucleoid protein H‐NS , 1994, Molecular microbiology.

[10]  C. Higgins,et al.  The chromatin-associated protein H-NS interacts with curved DNA to influence DNA topology and gene expression , 1992, Cell.

[11]  Roberto Spurio,et al.  Expression of the gene encoding the major bacterial nucleoid protein H‐NS is subject to transcriptional auto‐repression , 1993, Molecular microbiology.

[12]  B. Coulombe,et al.  DNA Bending and Wrapping around RNA Polymerase: a “Revolutionary” Model Describing Transcriptional Mechanisms , 1999, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews.

[13]  S. Nedospasov,et al.  Histone-like proteins in the purified Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleoprotein. , 1977, Nucleic acids research.

[14]  N. Goosen,et al.  Integration host factor alleviates the H‐NS‐mediated repression of the early promoter of bacteriophage Mu , 1996, Molecular microbiology.

[15]  C. Higgins,et al.  Protein H1: a role for chromatin structure in the regulation of bacterial gene expression and virulence? , 1990, Molecular microbiology.

[16]  Edward N. Trifonov,et al.  CURVATURE: software for the analysis of curved DNA , 1993, Comput. Appl. Biosci..

[17]  C. Higgins,et al.  Oligomerization of the chromatin‐structuring protein H‐NS , 2000, Molecular microbiology.

[18]  M. Belfort,et al.  Escherichia coli protein analogs StpA and H‐NS: regulatory loops, similar and disparate effects on nucleic acid dynamics. , 1996, The EMBO journal.

[19]  R. Wagner,et al.  Evidence for a regulatory function of the histone‐like Escherichia coli protein H‐NS in ribosomal RNA synthesis , 1994, Molecular microbiology.

[20]  R. Wagner,et al.  Conformational changes of the upstream DNA mediated by H-NS and FIS regulate E. coli RrnB P1 promoter activity. , 1999, Journal of molecular biology.

[21]  Gina M. Donato,et al.  Promoter-specific repression of fimB expression by the Escherichia coli nucleoid-associated protein H-NS , 1997, Journal of bacteriology.

[22]  B. Kempf,et al.  Interactions of the nucleoid-associated DNA-binding protein H-NS with the regulatory region of the osmotically controlled proU operon of Escherichia coli. , 1994, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[23]  D. Ussery,et al.  DNA Binding Is Not Sufficient for H-NS-mediated Repression ofproU Expression* , 1997, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[24]  R. Wagner,et al.  The bacterial DNA-binding protein H-NS represses ribosomal RNA transcription by trapping RNA polymerase in the initiation complex. , 2000, Journal of molecular biology.