Resistiogram Pattern of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Various Clinical Samples In & Around Kanchipuram

Escherichia coli is one of the important cause of nosocomial infections in humans [1]. E.coli is widely implicated in various clinical infections as hospital acquired and community acquired [2]. Pathogenic isolates of E.coli have relatively high potentials for developing resistance. Resistance to gram negative bacteria have great concern as these organisms are becoming resistant to Penicillin, cephalosporin & monobactums [3]. Increasing bacterial resistance is now highly prevalent in developing countries and is currently worrisome problem. Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat worldwide with different resistant mechanisms [4]. The production of Extended spectrum of beta lactamase is an important mechanism which is responsible for the resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporin [5]. Among the wide array of antibiotics β lactams are widely used agents accounting for over 50% of all systemic antibiotics in use [6]. The most common cause of resistance to β lactam antibiotics is the production of β lactamases. ESBL are plasmid borne and confer multiple drug resistance making the infection severe and difficult to treat [7]. In India ESBL, E.coli ranges from 41 – 60% highest is 86% reported in 2017. Fluroquinolone antibiotics are now continued to increase, which is of great concern, which accounts 20% of HAI [8]. β lactam resistance, fluoroquinolone resistance with bacterial biofilm is considered as a pathogenic treat for Nosocomial infections. E.coli is a common human pathogen being MDR, including resistance to quinolones [9]. There is always a gap in the knowledge based and this makes the patient care largely empherical. This makes physicians to prescribe multiple antibiotics which is both cost and morbidity wise increase. In order to curb the problem, some primary data on the resistance pattern is to be known for selecting appropriate drugs. Bacterial biofilm has been considered as a virulence factor contributing to infections associated with various medical devices, causing nosocomial infection [10]. The tendency of microorganism to develop biofilm has been well documented for number of medical devices. This process is particularly relevant because biofilm associated microorganisms are much more resistant to antimicrobial agents. E.coli being one of the commonest organism causing hospital acquired infections exhibits ESBL production which renders organism resistant to β lactam group of drugs leading to limited treatment options. In our hospital, E.coli is one of the common organism encountered every day in routine culture reporting. Hence this study done to know the prevalence of ESBL E.coli, their resistance pattern and their virulence factors .