Optimal Method of Electric Vehicle Charging and Discharging with Voltage Sensitivity Analysis in Distribution Grid

Large scale grid integration of electric vehicles (EVs) is greatly dependent on electricity price, renewable energy and energy storage system (ESS). In this paper, EVs are charged and discharged according to the requirement of the user with an effective method of charge flow analysis from energy management system. It comprises of controlled operational method that works with the state of charge (SOC) of the EV. The operation is mainly focused on two modes, with each mode performing the task by the early detection of EV SOC. This would trigger the users to decide to charge using the automatically controlled technique, or the user control tab. Both methods ensure the proper load flow in a microgrid, when charging and discharging of EV occuring any time of the day. The proposed system is implemented and designed in OpenDSS to test the results in different scenarios.

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