Analytical Bounds on Maximum-Likelihood Decoded Linear Codes with Applications to Turbo-Like Codes: An Overview

Upper and lower bounds on the error probability of linear codes under maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding are shortly surveyed and applied to ensembles of codes on graphs. For upper bounds, focus is put on Gallager bounding techniques and their relation to a variety of other reported bounds. Within the class of lower bounds, we address de Caen?s based bounds and their improvements, sphere-packing bounds, and information-theoretic bounds on the bit error probability of codes defined on graphs. A comprehensive overview is provided in the monograph.

[1]  C. Shannon Probability of error for optimal codes in a Gaussian channel , 1959 .

[2]  Peter F. Swaszek A lower bound on the error probability for signals in white Gaussian noise , 1995, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[3]  Shlomo Shamai,et al.  Variations on the Gallager bounds, connections, and applications , 2002, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[4]  Marc P. C. Fossorier,et al.  Sphere-packing bounds revisited for moderate block lengths , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[5]  Elwyn R. Berlekamp,et al.  Lower Bounds to Error Probability for Coding on Discrete Memoryless Channels. II , 1967, Inf. Control..

[6]  Dominique de Caen,et al.  A lower bound on the probability of a union , 1997, Discret. Math..

[7]  Neri Merhav,et al.  Lower bounds on the error probability of block codes based on improvements on de Caen's inequality , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[8]  Fady Alajaji,et al.  Improved Lower Bounds for the Error Rate of Linear Block Codes , 2005 .

[9]  Neil J. A. Sloane,et al.  Techniques of Bounding the Probability of Decoding Error for Block Coded Modulation Structures , 1994 .

[10]  D. Divsalar A Simple Tight Bound on Error Probability of Block Codes with Application to Turbo Codes , 1999 .

[11]  Masoud Salehi,et al.  New performance bounds for turbo codes , 1998, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[12]  Masoud Salehi,et al.  Turbo codes and turbo coded modulation systems: analysis and performance bounds , 1998 .

[13]  Emina Soljanin,et al.  Reliable channel regions for good codes transmitted over parallel channels , 2004, International Symposium onInformation Theory, 2004. ISIT 2004. Proceedings..

[14]  Robert G. Gallager,et al.  Low-density parity-check codes , 1962, IRE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[15]  Rüdiger L. Urbanke,et al.  Parity-check density versus performance of binary linear block codes over memoryless symmetric channels , 2003, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[16]  Meir Feder,et al.  Random coding techniques for nonrandom codes , 1999, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[17]  Amir K. Khandani,et al.  Generalized tangential sphere bound on the ML decoding error probability of linear binary block codes in AWGN interference , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[18]  Brian L. Hughes,et al.  On the error probability of signals in additive white Gaussian noise , 1991, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[19]  Igal Sason,et al.  Improved Bounds on the Parity-Check Density and Achievable Rates of Binary Linear Block Codes with Applications to LDPC Codes , 2005, ArXiv.

[20]  Gregory Poltyrev,et al.  Bounds on the decoding error probability of binary linear codes via their spectra , 1994, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[21]  N. Sloane,et al.  Lower Bounds to Error Probability for Coding on Discrete Memoryless Channels. I , 1993 .

[22]  Shlomo Shamai,et al.  Improved upper bounds on the ML decoding error probability of parallel and serial concatenated turbo codes via their ensemble distance spectrum , 2000, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[23]  Kamil Sh. Zigangirov,et al.  Tighter bounds on the error probability of fixed convolutional codes , 2001, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[24]  Robert G. Gallager,et al.  A simple derivation of the coding theorem and some applications , 1965, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[25]  Emina Soljanin,et al.  Reliable channel regions for good binary codes transmitted over parallel channels , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[26]  Gregory Poltyrev,et al.  The error probability of M-ary PSK block coded modulation schemes , 1996, IEEE Trans. Commun..