Jatropha seed protein functional properties for technical applications

Jatropha press cake, by-product after oil expression from Jatropha seeds, contains 24–28% protein on dry basis. Objectives of this research were to investigate functional properties, such as solubility, emulsifying, foaming, film forming, and adhesive properties, of Jatropha press cake proteins and compared those with relevant industrial proteins. From our study, we found that protein extracted from press cake proteins had a solubility of about 90% above pH 9. Emulsifying properties of press cake protein were comparable to sodium caseinates and reached the highest value at pH 9–10. Jatropha proteins formed films with tensile strength of 0.4–1.8 MPa with 10–75% elongation, which were below soy protein or wheat-gluten. Further oil removal from press cake decreased emulsifying properties, while increased foaming and adhesive properties of the extracted proteins. Protein extracted from de-oiled press cake showed better foaming properties than sodium caseinate at pH 10, but lower than egg white protein at all pH. Furthermore, press cake protein showed better adhesive properties than casein adhesives at the same dry matter content. Based on these results, Jatropha press cake protein showed most promising results on adhesive and emulsifying properties, which indicate the potential of Jatropha press cake protein as emulsifier or paper adhesive.

[1]  J. Kjeldahl,et al.  Neue Methode zur Bestimmung des Stickstoffs in organischen Körpern , 1883 .

[2]  K. Openshaw.  A review of Jatropha curcas: an oil plant of unfulfilled promise☆ , 2000 .

[3]  P. Kolster,et al.  Industrial Proteins as a green alternative for 'petro'polymers: potentials and limitations , 1998 .

[4]  K. Becker,et al.  Chemical composition, toxic/antimetabolic constituents, and effects of different treatments on their levels, in four provenances of Jatropha curcas L. from Mexico , 2006 .

[5]  J. Kinsella.  Functional properties of soy proteins , 1979 .

[6]  J. Krochta.  Proteins as Raw Materials for Films and Coatings: Definitions, Current Status, and Opportunities , 2002 .

[7]  A. Betschart.  NITROGEN SOLUBILITY OF ALFALFA PROTEIN CONCENTRATE AS INFLUENCED BY VARIOUS FACTORS , 1974 .

[8]  P. Walstra,et al.  Proteins at air-water and oil-water interfaces: static and dynamic aspects. , 1993 .

[9]  P. Wilde,et al.  Foam formation and stability , 1996 .

[10]  A. Steinbüchel,et al.  Polyamides and complex proteinaceous materials , 2003 .

[11]  Rakshit K. Devappa,et al.  Biochemical and nutritional evaluation of Jatropha protein isolate prepared by steam injection heating for reduction of toxic and antinutritional factors , 2008 .

[12]  Johan P.M. Sanders,et al.  Improving Jatropha curcas seed protein recovery by using counter current multistage extraction , 2010 .

[13]  Aristippos Gennadios,et al.  Effect of pH on properties of wheat gluten and soy protein isolate films , 1993 .

[14]  M. Trabi,et al.  Exploitation of the tropical oil seed plant Jatropha curcas L. , 1999 .

[15]  J. Krochta,et al.  Enzymatic Treatments and Thermal Effects on Edible Soy Protein Films , 1994 .

[16]  J. Parajó,et al.  Functionality of oilseed protein products: A review , 2006 .

[17]  George Francis,et al.  Protein concentrate from Jatropha curcas screw-pressed seed cake and toxic and antinutritional factors in protein concentrate , 2008 .

[18]  A. Stripp,et al.  Whipping test for the determination of foaming capacity of protein: a collaborative study , 2007 .

[19]  J. Vereijken,et al.  Proteins from Crambe abyssinica oilseed. II. Biochemical and functional properties , 1998 .

[20]  G. Hall.  Methods of Testing Protein Functionality , 2011 .

[21]  L. D. Graaf.  Denaturation of proteins from a non-food perspective. , 2000 .

[22]  Joseph L. Scheffey,et al.  Evaluating firefighting foams for aviation fire protection , 1995 .

[23]  E. Dickinson.  Adsorbed protein layers at fluid interfaces: interactions, structure and surface rheology , 1999 .

[24]  J. Boye,et al.  Composition and Functional Properties of Soy Protein Isolates Prepared Using Alternative Defatting and Extraction Procedures , 2006 .

[25]  A. Gennadios.  Protein-Based Films and Coatings , 2002 .

[26]  Milton Kerker,et al.  The Scattering of Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation ~Academic , 1969 .

[27]  N. Denkov,et al.  Interrelation between Drop Size and Protein Adsorption at Various Emulsification Conditions , 2003 .

[28]  L. Tang,et al.  Antitumor effects of curcin from seeds of Jatropha curcas. , 2003, Acta pharmacologica Sinica.

[29]  Curtis L. Weller,et al.  Edible films and coatings from soy protein , 1993 .

[30]  L. D. Graaf,et al.  Adhesives, coatings and bioplastics from protein sources , 2003 .

[31]  S. Damodaran.  Protein Stabilization of Emulsions and Foams , 2006 .