A Geography of Things (GoT)-Based Groundwater Quality Management System

Groundwater quality management is crucial to water institutions and households, as the world faces extreme changes in weather conditions due to global warming. Humans are beginning to depend on groundwater for domestic purposes, as it is less affected by evaporation caused by extreme weather conditions. Although groundwater can still be contaminated by pollution caused by industries and household wastes. Therefore, it is important to monitor and manage groundwater resources that supply consumers with water. Managing the characteristics of groundwater helps identify pollutants that can threaten the lives of consumers. There are existing techniques and Internet of Things technologies used to manage the quality of groundwater. However, there is a need to incorporate them with the adaptive Geography of Things technology to provide more efficient ways to monitor groundwater quality across multiple remote groundwater resources in a single dashboard. This paper proposes a real-time and adaptive algorithm for ground quality management that is implemented on a low-energy microcontroller and integrates data from water quality sensors on a single server for analysis. The proposed algorithm is designed to improve energy efficiency, flexibility, and adaptability of underground water quality management systems with real-time localization of the sensing nodes.