Crop diseases and pest monitoring system and method based on unmanned plane

The invention relates to a crop diseases and pest monitoring system based on an unmanned plane. The monitoring system comprises the unmanned plane and a ground station, devices which are carried on the unmanned plane include a control module, a global position system (GPS) positioning module, a sensing module and an image capture module, the GPS positioning module, the sensing module and the image capture module are connected with the control module, the sensing module comprises a pulse radar and a multi-band spectrum scanner and an infrared spectrometer, the pulse radar is used for monitoring insects, and the multi-band spectrum scanner and the infrared spectrometer are used for monitoring crops. The invention further provides a crop diseases and pest monitoring method based on the unmanned plane. The method includes the following steps that (1) the unmanned plane captures crops images and states in a delimited range; (2) a master control module analyzes the images which are captured by the image capture module, and remote sensing images and spectroscopic data from the sensing module; (3) the data in the step (2) are transmitted back to the ground station to be further analyzed. The unmanned plane infrared remote sensing technology is utilized for monitoring crop diseases and pest, and can serve as a powerful complement of satellite and space flight and aviation remote sensing.