Thermal modelling approach and model predictive control of a water-cooled PEM fuel cell system

In this paper, a modular thermal modelling approach for a water-cooled Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell (PEM-FC) stack is proposed. The resultant model is based on the heat flux inside the stack and has been validated in a real test station. Then, a linear model predictive control (MPC) strategy for temperature regulation is designed and tested in simulation with promising results. The proposed MPC controller not only tackles the temperature regulation problem, but also incorporates necessary management constraints for the proper operation of the system in real conditions.

[1]  Minggao Ouyang,et al.  A model predicting performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack thermal systems , 2004 .

[2]  Ian Postlethwaite,et al.  Multivariable Feedback Control: Analysis and Design , 1996 .

[3]  Karl Johan Åström,et al.  Computer-Controlled Systems: Theory and Design , 1984 .

[4]  Zhang Xiangwei,et al.  Research on PID Control Parameters Tuning Based on Election-Survey Optimization Algorithm , 2010, 2010 International Conference on Computing, Control and Industrial Engineering.

[5]  Jan M. Maciejowski,et al.  Predictive control : with constraints , 2002 .

[6]  Manfred Morari,et al.  Offset free model predictive control , 2007, 2007 46th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[7]  David Q. Mayne,et al.  Constrained model predictive control: Stability and optimality , 2000, Autom..

[8]  Bernard P. Zeigler,et al.  Theory of modeling and simulation , 1976 .

[9]  R. Glises,et al.  Transient thermal computation of a PEM fuel cell by a nodal modeling , 2003, 2003 IEEE 58th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC 2003-Fall (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37484).

[10]  R Outbib,et al.  Modeling and Simulation of PEM Fuel Cell Thermal Behavior on Parallel Computers , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[11]  M. B. Zarrop,et al.  Book Review: Computer Controlled Systems: theory and design (3rd Ed.) , 1998 .

[12]  Eduardo F. Camacho,et al.  Adaptive Model Predictive Control of the Hybrid Dynamics of a Fuel Cell System , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications.

[13]  Cristian Kunusch,et al.  Temperature control of a PEM fuel cell test bench for experimental MEA assessment , 2010 .

[14]  Carlos Bordons,et al.  Constrained explicit predictive control strategies for PEM fuel cell systems , 2007, 2007 46th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[15]  Biao Zhou,et al.  Water and thermal management for Ballard PEM fuel cell stack , 2005 .

[16]  C. Bordons,et al.  Constrained predictive control strategies for PEM fuel cells , 2006, 2006 American Control Conference.

[17]  Qihong Chen,et al.  Nonlinear predictive control for oxygen supply of a fuel cell system , 2009, 2009 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks.

[18]  Björn Sohlberg,et al.  Grey box modelling for model predictive control of a heating process , 2003 .

[19]  Carlos Bordons,et al.  Hybrid model predictive control of a two-generator power plant integrating photovoltaic panels and a fuel cell , 2007, 2007 46th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[20]  Katsuhiko Ogata,et al.  Discrete-time control systems (2nd ed.) , 1995 .

[21]  Katsuhiko Ogata,et al.  Discrete-time control systems , 1987 .

[22]  Frano Barbir,et al.  PEM Fuel Cells: Theory and Practice , 2012 .

[23]  Michael A. Danzer,et al.  Prevention of fuel cell starvation by model predictive control of pressure, excess ratio, and current , 2009 .

[24]  Anna G. Stefanopoulou,et al.  Current Management in a Hybrid Fuel Cell Power System: A Model-Predictive Control Approach , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[25]  Victor M. Becerra,et al.  Automatic tuning of PID controllers using model reference adaptive control techniques , 2001, IECON'01. 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.37243).

[26]  Alejandro H. González,et al.  Conditions for offset elimination in state space receding horizon controllers: A tutorial analysis , 2008 .