Attenuation of DNA Damage in the Dermis and Epidermis of the Albino Hairless Mouse by Chronic Exposure to Ultraviolet‐A and ‐B Radiation ¶

Mammalian skin is vulnerable to the photocarcinogenic and photoaging effects of solar UV radiation and defends itself using a variety of photoprotective responses including epidermal thickening, tanning and the induction of repair and antiradical systems. We treated Skh‐1 albino hairless mice for 60 days with ultraviolet‐A (UVA) or ultraviolet‐B (UVB) radiation and measured the frequency of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and pyrimidine(6–4)pyrimidone photoproducts induced by a single acute sunburn dose of UVB at different stages of the chronic treatment. We found that both UVA and UVB exposure produced a photoprotective response in the dermis and epidermis and that the degree of photoproduct attenuation was dependent on dose, wavelength and the type of damage induced. Although epidermal thickening was important, our data suggest that UV protective compounds other than melanin may be involved in mitigating the damaging effects of sunlight in the skin.

[1]  D. Mitchell,et al.  Effects of chronic low-dose ultraviolet B radiation on DNA damage and repair in mouse skin. , 1999, Cancer research.

[2]  D. Liebler,et al.  Prevention of DNA photodamage by vitamin E compounds and sunscreens: Roles of ultraviolet absorbance and cellular uptake , 1999, Molecular carcinogenesis.

[3]  W. Dunlap,et al.  Ultraviolet radiation-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are acquired from their diet by medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) but not by SKH-1 hairless mice. , 1998, Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology.

[4]  M. Gniadecka,et al.  Epidermal thickness, skin pigmentation and constitutive photosensitivity , 1997, Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine.

[5]  H. Wulf,et al.  Photoprotection in vitiligo and normal skin. A quantitative assessment of the role of stratum corneum, viable epidermis and pigmentation. , 1996, Acta dermato-venereologica.

[6]  H. Wulf,et al.  The sunscreening effect of urocanic acid , 1996, Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine.

[7]  H. Wulf,et al.  Photoprotection due to pigmentation and epidermal thickness after repeated exposure to ultraviolet light and psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy , 1995, Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine.

[8]  D. Mitchell.  Radioimmunoassay of DNA Damaged by Ultraviolet Light , 1996 .

[9]  G. Pfeifer.  Technologies for Detection of DNA Damage and Mutations , 1996, Springer US.

[10]  J. Thornby,et al.  Biochemical parameters of epidermal aging in the hairless mouse and the relationship to UV-carcinogenesis. , 1994, Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology.

[11]  R. Baan,et al.  Immunochemical detection of cyclobutane thymine dimers in epidermal Langerhans cells of ultraviolet B-irradiated hairless mice. , 1994, Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine.

[12]  N. Dumaz,et al.  Specific UV-induced mutation spectrum in the p53 gene of skin tumors from DNA-repair-deficient xeroderma pigmentosum patients. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[13]  R. Baan,et al.  Detection of thymine dimers in suprabasal and basal cells of chronically UV-B exposed hairless mice. , 1993, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[14]  A. Ziegler,et al.  Mutation hotspots due to sunlight in the p53 gene of nonmelanoma skin cancers. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[15]  D. Karentz,et al.  The Induction and Repair of DNA Photodamage in the Environment , 1993 .

[16]  C. Sutter,et al.  Carcinogen-specific mutational pattern in the p53 gene in ultraviolet B radiation-induced squamous cell carcinomas of mouse skin. , 1992, Cancer research.

[17]  J. DiGiovanni,et al.  Multistage carcinogenesis in mouse skin. , 1992, Pharmacology & therapeutics.

[18]  M. Holick.  Evolutionary biology and pathology of vitamin D. , 1992, Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology.

[19]  J. Simon,et al.  A role for sunlight in skin cancer: UV-induced p53 mutations in squamous cell carcinoma. , 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[20]  W. Pierceall,et al.  MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION CARCINOGENESIS , 1990, Photochemistry and photobiology.

[21]  H. Black.  Systemic photoprotective agents. , 1987, Photo-dermatology.

[22]  A. Kligman,et al.  Photoprotective adaptation. Some quantitative aspects. , 1984, Archives of dermatology.

[23]  F. Urbach.  Ultraviolet radiation carcinogenesis. , 1983, The Journal of dermatologic surgery and oncology.

[24]  J. Parrish,et al.  Recovery of skin from a single suberythemal dose of ultraviolet radiation. , 1983, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[25]  F. D. de Gruijl,et al.  Dose-time dependency of tumor formation by chronic UV exposure. , 1983, Photochemistry and photobiology.

[26]  H. Johns,et al.  ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF THYMINE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION , 1970, Photochemistry and photobiology.

[27]  J. Hunt,et al.  Photodimerization of pyrimidine nucleic acid derivatives in aqueous solution and the effect of oxygen. , 1967, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[28]  K. Wierzchowski.  [Photochemistry of nucleic acids]. , 1967, Postepy biochemii.

[29]  J. Mittal,et al.  Solution Photochemistry of Thymine and Uracil , 1966, Science.