Business nets : classification and management mechanisms

This paper focuses on the type and management of intentionally created business networks called nets. Nets are extensively being used to achieve a variety of benefits over those of a single firm or market transaction. We propose that the effective management of different types of business net is dependent on their underlying value creation logic. Based on notion a value creation framework of three generic net types “current business nets”, “business renewal nets”, and “emerging new business nets” – is suggested. We argue that they pose widely different conditions and requirements for net management. The management mechanisms of these basic net types are then identified and discussed. We contend that the proposed contingency framework captures the complexity and variety of the expanding strategic business nets in a more valid way than the extant classifications of network organizations. The paper contributes the emerging theory of network management.

[1]  M. Polanyi Chapter 7 – The Tacit Dimension , 1997 .

[2]  James D. Thompson Organizations in Action , 1967 .

[3]  William J. Abernathy,et al.  Patterns of Industrial Innovation , 1978 .

[4]  H. Håkansson International Marketing and Purchasing of Industrial Goods: An Interaction Approach , 1982 .

[5]  M. Porter Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance , 1985 .

[6]  Paul Israel,et al.  The Sources of Innovation , 1990 .

[7]  M. Tushman,et al.  Technological Discontinuities and Dominant Designs: A Cyclical Model of Technological Change , 1990 .

[8]  Etienne Wenger,et al.  Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation , 1991 .

[9]  D. Dougherty Interpretive Barriers to Successful Product Innovation in Large Firms , 1992 .

[10]  B. Kogut,et al.  Knowledge of the Firm, Combinative Capabilities, and the Replication of Technology , 1992 .

[11]  M. Gerlach,et al.  The Japanese Corporate Network: A Blockmodel Analysis , 1992 .

[12]  R. Normann,et al.  From value chain to value constellation: designing interactive strategy. , 1993, Harvard business review.

[13]  José C. Jarillo,et al.  Strategic Networks: Creating the Borderless Organization , 1993 .

[14]  Daniel A. Levinthal,et al.  The myopia of learning , 1993 .

[15]  Karen S. Cravens,et al.  Reforming the traditional organization: The mandate for developing networks , 1994 .

[16]  A. Grandori,et al.  Inter-firm Networks: Antecedents, Mechanisms and Forms , 1995 .

[17]  Nigel F. Piercy,et al.  The network paradigm and the marketing organization , 1995 .

[18]  John C. Narver,et al.  Market Orientation and the Learning Organization , 1995 .

[19]  Richard N. Langlois,et al.  Firms, Markets and Economic Change: A dynamic Theory of Business Institutions , 1995 .

[20]  David T. Wilson,et al.  Business marketing : an interaction and network perspective , 1995 .

[21]  I. Nonaka,et al.  How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation , 1995 .

[22]  Anders Lundgren,et al.  Technological Innovation and Network Evolution , 1995 .

[23]  H. Håkansson,et al.  Developing relationships in business networks , 1995 .

[24]  K. Weick FROM SENSEMAKING IN ORGANIZATIONS , 2021, The New Economic Sociology.

[25]  M. Castells The rise of the network society , 1996 .

[26]  Ron Sanchez,et al.  Modularity, flexibility, and knowledge management in product and organization design , 1996 .

[27]  D. Mowery,et al.  Strategic alliances and interfirm knowledge transfer , 1996 .

[28]  R. Stacey Complexity and Creativity in Organizations , 1996 .

[29]  W. Powell,et al.  Interorganizational Collaboration and the Locus of Innovation: Networks of Learning in Biotechnology. , 1996 .

[30]  Ravi S. Achrol,et al.  Changes in the Theory of Interorganizational Relations in Marketing: Toward a Network Paradigm: , 1997 .

[31]  B. Uzzi,et al.  Social Structure and Competition in Interfirm Networks: The Paradox of Embeddedness , 1997 .

[32]  S. Borgatti,et al.  A General Theory of Network Governance: Exchange Conditions and Social Mechanisms , 1997 .

[33]  David T. Wilson,et al.  Managing Business Relationships , 1998 .

[34]  L. Araujo Knowing and Learning as Networking , 1998 .

[35]  R. Gulati Alliances and networks , 1998 .

[36]  Amalya L. Oliver,et al.  Networking Network Studies: An Analysis of Conceptual Configurations in the Study of Inter-organizational Relationships , 1998 .

[37]  A. Lipparini,et al.  The capabilities of the transnational firm: accessing knowledge and leveraging inter-firm relationships , 1999 .

[38]  Rolf A. Lundin,et al.  Neo-Industrial Organising: Renewal by Action and Knowledge Formation in a Project-intensive Economy , 1999 .

[39]  Robert E. Spekman Alliance Competence: Maximizing the Value of Your Partnerships , 1999 .

[40]  Georg von Krogh,et al.  Towards knowledge networking , 1999, J. Knowl. Manag..

[41]  P. Adler,et al.  Flexibility Versus Efficiency? a Case Study of Model Changeovers in the Toyota Production System , 1999 .

[42]  K. Möller,et al.  Business Relationships and Networks: Managerial Challenge of Network Era , 1999 .

[43]  C. Parolini The Value Net: A Tool for Competitive Strategy , 1999 .

[44]  Evert Gummesson,et al.  Total Relationship Marketing , 1999 .

[45]  P. Adler Market, Hierarchy, and Trust: The Knowledge Economy and the Future of Capitalism , 2001 .

[46]  P. Kotler,et al.  Marketing in the Network Economy , 1999 .

[47]  Bernard L. Simonin Ambiguity and the process of knowledge transfer in strategic alliances , 1999 .

[48]  Gianni Lorenzoni,et al.  The leveraging of interfirm relationships as a distinctive organizational capability: a longitudinal study , 1999 .

[49]  Kathleen M. Eisenhardt,et al.  DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES, WHAT ARE THEY? , 2000 .

[50]  J. H. Dyer,et al.  Creating and managing a high‐performance knowledge‐sharing network: the Toyota case , 2000 .

[51]  M. Holweg,et al.  Successful Build-to-Order Strategies Start With the Customer , 2001 .

[52]  Julie M. Hite,et al.  The evolution of firm networks: from emergence to early growth of the firm , 2001 .

[53]  J. Holmström,et al.  Managing the Demand-Supply Chain: Value Innovations for Customer Satisfaction , 2001 .

[54]  Elaine Romanelli,et al.  Managing New Industry Creation: Global Knowledge Formation And Entrepreneurship In High Technology , 2003 .

[55]  J. Brown,et al.  Knowledge and Organization: A Social-Practice Perspective , 2001 .

[56]  R. Amit,et al.  Value creation in E‐business , 2001 .

[57]  Lars-Erik Gadde,et al.  Supply Network Strategies , 2001 .

[58]  Ilkka Tuomi,et al.  Networks of Innovation: Change and Meaning in the Age of the Internet , 2002 .

[59]  F. Geels Technological transitions as evolutionary reconfiguration processes: a multi-level perspective and a case-study , 2002 .

[60]  Jeffrey H. Dyer,et al.  Alliance capability, stock market response, and long‐term alliance success: the role of the alliance function , 2002 .

[61]  Alexandra Waluszewski,et al.  Managing Technological Development , 2002 .

[62]  Maurizio Zollo,et al.  Deliberate Learning and the Evolution of Dynamic Capabilities , 2002 .

[63]  K. Möller,et al.  Role of Knowledge in Value Creation in Business Nets , 2006 .

[64]  Julian Birkinshaw,et al.  Special Issue: Knowledge, Knowing, and Organizations: Knowledge as a Contingency Variable: Do the Characteristics of Knowledge Predict Organization Structure? , 2002, Organ. Sci..

[65]  Robert E. Spekman,et al.  Alliance competence, resources, and alliance success: Conceptualization, measurement, and initial test , 2002 .

[66]  Jeffrey J. Reuer,et al.  Interorganizational Routines and Performance in Strategic Alliances , 2002, Organ. Sci..

[67]  Pirjo Ståhle,et al.  Analyzing dynamic intellectual capital: System-based theory and application , 2003 .

[68]  Rajendra K. Srivastava,et al.  The Integrated Networks Model: Explaining Resource Allocations in Network Markets , 2003 .

[69]  K. Möller,et al.  Managing Strategic Nets , 2003 .

[70]  Kristian Möller,et al.  Managing in Emergence: Capabilities for Influencing the Birth of New Business Fields , 2003 .

[71]  Håkan Håkansson,et al.  Supply Chain Management: The Logic of Supply Chains and Networks , 2004 .

[72]  Ard-Pieter de Man,et al.  The Network Economy , 2004 .

[73]  K. Blois,et al.  Interpretations of Fairness in Dissolution of Complex Relationships , 2004 .

[74]  I. Wilkinson,et al.  Managing in complex business networks , 2004 .

[75]  K. Möller,et al.  Crossing East-West boundaries: Knowledge sharing in intercultural business networks , 2004 .

[76]  Ard-Pieter de Man,et al.  The Network Economy: Strategy, Structure and Management , 2004 .

[77]  Daniel J. Brass,et al.  Taking Stock of Networks and Organizations: A Multilevel Perspective , 2004 .

[78]  Aino Pöyhönen,et al.  Assessing intellectual capital creation in regional clusters , 2004 .

[79]  Stephen L. Vargo,et al.  Evolving to a New Dominant Logic for Marketing , 2004 .

[80]  Managing Strategic Airline Alliances , 2004 .

[81]  A. Rangaswamy,et al.  The Emergence of Dominant Designs , 2006 .

[82]  Arto Rajala,et al.  Strategic business nets - their type and management , 2005 .

[83]  Mark E. Nissen,et al.  Knowing and Learning , 2006 .