An Implementation of SOPC-Based Neural Monitoring System

Neurosurgery is an important way to save life in clinical application. As a novel assistant technology for neurosurgery, neural monitoring is used to real-time observe neural state to prevent nerve injury. In this paper, a neural monitoring electronic system based on the methodology of system on programmable chip is presented. On the system, analog and digital circuits are integrated, whereas field-programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware and NIOS II embedded software are co-operated. Some key modules such as preprocessing box, self-adaptive amplification, digital filter, frequency measure, and secure digital card storage are described in detail, and the function of the system is verified by multiform examinations.

[1]  Samir Palnitkar,et al.  Verilog HDL: a guide to digital design and synthesis , 1996 .

[2]  Ryszard Szplet,et al.  Interpolating time counter with 100 ps resolution on a single FPGA device , 2000, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas..

[3]  Iluminada Baturone,et al.  FPGA Implementation of Embedded Fuzzy Controllers for Robotic Applications , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[4]  G H Kraft.  EMG-triggered muscle stimulation. , 1988, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[5]  Honet Jc.  Pneumothorax and EMG. , 1988 .

[6]  Andrej Zemva,et al.  Profiling soft-core processor applications for hardware/software partitioning , 2005, J. Syst. Archit..

[7]  Paul J. Abbas,et al.  Auditory Nerve Fiber Responses to Combined Acoustic and Electric Stimulation , 2009, Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology.

[8]  Christopher Lawrence,et al.  Surgery , 1899, The Lancet.

[9]  Luca Benini,et al.  Networks on Chips : A New SoC Paradigm , 2022 .

[10]  R. Szplet,et al.  An FPGA-Integrated Time-to-Digital Converter Based on Two-Stage Pulse Shrinking , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.

[11]  Field Rw,et al.  Electromyographically triggered electric muscle stimulation for chronic hemiplegia. , 1987 .

[12]  Guoqiang Yu,et al.  Cerebral monitoring during carotid endarterectomy using near-infrared diffuse optical spectroscopies and electroencephalogram , 2011, Physics in medicine and biology.

[13]  S. Buzzetti,et al.  High-speed FPGA-based pulse-height analyzer for high resolution X-ray spectroscopy , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science.

[14]  Stanislav Plevnik,et al.  Optimization of pulse duration for electrical stimulation in treatment of urinary incontinence , 1986, World Journal of Urology.

[15]  S Fook-Chong,et al.  Clinical and physiological effects of transcranial electrical stimulation position on motor evoked potentials in scoliosis surgery , 2010, Scoliosis.

[16]  M E Nygårds,et al.  An automated system for ECG monitoring. , 1979, Computers and biomedical research, an international journal.

[17]  M Y WOO,et al.  ASYNCHRONOUS FIRING AND BLOCK OF PERIPHERAL NERVE CONDUCTION BY 20 KC ALTERNATING CURRENT. , 1964, Bulletin of the Los Angeles Neurological Society.

[18]  Wolfgang T. Koos,et al.  Color Atlas of Microneurosurgery of Acoustic Neurinomas: Endoscope-Assisted Techniques · Neuronavigational Techniques · Radiosurgery , 2002 .

[19]  Enrique Dorronzoro,et al.  Open and Flexible Embedded System Applied to Positioning and Telecontrol , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.

[20]  J. Saunders,et al.  Relation of human electromyogram to muscular tension. , 1952, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[21]  Y. Agid,et al.  Localization of stimulating electrodes in patients with Parkinson disease by using a three-dimensional atlas-magnetic resonance imaging coregistration method. , 2003, Journal of neurosurgery.

[22]  Ling Y. Wei.  A new theory of nerve conduction , 1966, IEEE Spectrum.

[23]  Kevin L. Kilgore,et al.  High Frequency Mammalian Nerve Conduction Block: Simulations and Experiments , 2006, 2006 International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

[24]  Siavash S. Haghighi,et al.  Monitoring of Motor Evoked Potentials with High Intensity Repetitive Transcranial Electrical Stimulation during Spinal surgery , 2002, Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing.

[25]  R. Fields,et al.  Electromyographically triggered electric muscle stimulation for chronic hemiplegia. , 1987, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[26]  A. Lakshmikanth,et al.  A power quality monitoring system: a case study in DSP-based solutions for power electronics , 2001, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas..