Lightning Observation in 3D using a Multi LF Sensor Network and Comparison with Radar Reflectivity

[1]  Ting Wu,et al.  Spatial relationship between lightning narrow bipolar events and parent thunderstorms as revealed by phased array radar , 2013 .

[2]  Vladimir A. Rakov,et al.  Some inferences on the role of lower positive charge region in facilitating different types of lightning , 2009 .

[3]  Xuan-Min Shao,et al.  The spatial and temporal development of intracloud lightning , 1996 .

[4]  K. Schmidt,et al.  Lightning detection with 3‐D discrimination of intracloud and cloud‐to‐ground discharges , 2004 .

[5]  Takeshi Morimoto,et al.  MMSE Beam Forming on Fast-Scanning Phased Array Weather Radar , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[6]  E. Philip Krider,et al.  The electric fields produced by lightning stepped leaders , 1977 .

[7]  R. Orville,et al.  Strokes of upward illumination occurring within a few milliseconds after typical lightning return strokes , 2012 .

[8]  D. Marquardt An Algorithm for Least-Squares Estimation of Nonlinear Parameters , 1963 .

[9]  Thomas C. Marshall,et al.  Locating initial breakdown pulses using electric field change network , 2013 .

[10]  Steven J. Goodman,et al.  North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array (LMA): VHF Source Retrieval Algorithm and Error Analyses , 2004 .

[11]  P. Krehbiel,et al.  Accuracy of the Lightning Mapping Array , 2003 .

[12]  Tsutomu Takahashi,et al.  Riming Electrification as a Charge Generation Mechanism in Thunderstorms , 1978 .

[13]  Z. Kawasaki,et al.  Verification of Bi-directional Leader Concept by Interferometer Observations , 2002 .

[14]  A. A. Few,et al.  Altitude, thickness and charge concentration of charged regions of four thunderstorms during trip 1981 based upon in situ balloon electric field measurements , 1983 .

[15]  Z. Kawasaki,et al.  Estimation for charge distributions related with individual lightning discharges using VHF broadband digital interferometer , 2012 .

[16]  Hitoshi Sakurano,et al.  Upward Lightning Observed by LF Broadband Interferometer , 2013 .

[17]  Tomoo Ushio,et al.  What occurs in K process of cloud flashes , 2010 .

[18]  Tomoo Ushio,et al.  Propagation characteristics of lightning stepped leaders developing in charge regions and descending out of charge regions , 2012 .

[19]  Torsten Fehr,et al.  Book Review: Rakov, V. A., M. A. Uman: Lightning: Physics and Effects. - Cambridge Univ. Press , 2005 .

[20]  Vladimir A. Rakov,et al.  The initial stage processes of rocket‐and‐wire triggered lightning as observed by VHF interferometry , 2012 .

[21]  Michael Stock,et al.  Total Lightning Observations with the New and Improved Los Alamos Sferic Array (LASA) , 2006 .

[22]  Mat Darveniza,et al.  Lightning Induced Voltages on Power Lines: Experiment , 1984, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.

[23]  Tomoo Ushio,et al.  Effects of Charge Distribution in Thunderstorms on Lightning Propagation Paths in Darwin, Australia , 2011 .

[24]  John M. Hall,et al.  Characterization and applications of VLF/LF source locations from lightning using the Huntsville Alabama Marx Meter Array , 2013 .

[25]  Tomoo Ushio,et al.  Lightning observations and consideration of positive charge distribution inside thunderclouds using VHF broadband digital interferometry , 2005 .