Location of cones in the crown and along shoots of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) and the influence of coning intensity and shoot size

The location of female cones in the crowns of rooted cuttings and mature forest-grown trees of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) was recorded. When cones were allocated to crown sections there were clear patterns of bearing, with the majority of cones on second-order distal shoots on whorls 2 and 3. As total cone production increased, the bearing zone progressed onto more proximal shoots on upper whorls and distal shoots on lower whorls. On individual branches of clonal grafts, female cones tended to be borne on more distal shoots than male cones. Female cones, on all sample sets, tended to be borne primarily on second-order shoots and male cones, on the clonal grafts, on third-order shoots. On the clonal grafts there was a weak, though significant, relationship between the number of original buds and female, but not male, cones on a shoot. Cones were also described by position on bearing shoots. There was a tendency for the proportion of progressively more proximal cone positions to increase on lower- order shoots and vice versa. Cone position was also influenced by the dimensions of the bearing shoot independent of its position with a distal shift in cone-bearing position as shoot dimensions decreased. Resume : Les auteurs ont etudie la distribution des cones femelles dans la cime de boutures racinees et de sujets forestiers matures d'epinette de Sitka ( Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.). Lorsque la distribution des cones etait analysee selon les sections de la cime, des patrons clairs de port des cones ont ete observes, tels que la majorite des cones se retrouvaient sur les pousses distales de second ordre des deuxieme et troisieme verticilles. Plus la quantite de cones etait importante, plus la zone de port s'agrandissait, incluant des pousses proximales additionnelles sur les verticilles du haut et des pousses distales additionnelles sur les verticilles du bas. Sur les branches individuelles de greffes clonales, les cones femelles avaient tendance a se retrouver sur des pousses plus distales que les cones mâles. Sur tous les individus etudies, les cones femelles etaient generalement plus portes par les pousses de second ordre alors que les cones males etaient generalement plus portes par les pousses de troisieme ordre sur les greffes clonales. Sur ces dernieres, les auteurs ont remarque une relation faible mais significative entre le nombre de bourgeons de depart et le nombre de cones femelles par pousse. Une telle relation ne fut pas observee pour les cones mâles. Les auteurs ont egalement note la position des cones sur les pousses porteuses. Ainsi, ils ont remarque que la proportion des positions des cones qui etaient progressivement plus proximales avait tendance a augmenter sur les pousses de plus petit ordre et vice versa. La position des cones etait egalement influencee par la taille des pousses porteuses, et ce, independamment de la position et avec un changement vers des positions plus distales de port de cones a mesure que la taille des pousses diminuait.

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