A fractal model and energy dissipation for en echelon fractures

Abstract Observations from the field and the laboratory show that en echelon fractures within fracture zones have a Riedel within Riedel structure. The tensile failure mechanism of formation of en echelon fractures can be described by the pile-ups of shear crack-dislocations. A fractal model can be used to simulate the Riedel within Riedel geometry, allowing the direct measurement of the fractal dimensions of en echelon fracture systems. The energy dissipation of the en echelon fracture system can be deduced using a fractal damage evolution model which explains the evolution process of the system. The fractal nature of the fractures can be used to derive an accurate estimate of total energy dissipation.

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