Heterogeneity in warm-season land-atmosphere coupling over the U . S . Southern Great Plains 1

9 Heterogeneity in warm-season (May-August) land-atmosphere (LA) coupling is quantified with the 10 long-time, multiple-station measurements from the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation 11 Measurement (ARM) program and the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) 12 satellite remote sensing at the Southern Great Plains (SGP). We examine the coupling strength at 7 13 additional locations with the same surface type (i.e., pasture/grassland) as the ARM SGP central facility 14 (CF). To simultaneously consider multiple factors and consistently quantify their relative contributions, 15 we apply a multiple linear regression method to correlate the surface evaporative fraction (EF) with 16 near-surface soil moisture (SM) and leaf area index (LAI). The observations show moderate to weak 17 terrestrial segment LA coupling with large heterogeneity across the ARM SGP domain in warm-season. 18 Large spatial variabilities in the contributions from SM and LAI to the EF changes are also found. The 19 coupling heterogeneities appear to be associated with differences in land use, anthropogenic activities, 20 rooting depth, and soil type at different stations. Therefore, the complex LA interactions at the SGP 21 cannot be well represented by those at the CF/E13 based on the metrics applied here. Overall, the LAI 22 exerts more influence on the EF than does the SM due to its overwhelming impacts on the latent heat 23 flux. This study complements previous studies based on measurements only from the CF and has 24 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20180006459 2020-03-02T13:43:03+00:00Z

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