3 Foreword With the start of the new millennium, the Swedish Parliament (Riksdag) set the goal that Sweden should become an information society for all. Our common goal is to create a free and truly inclusive global information society for all. This is why Sweden has taken an active part in promoting ICT for developing countries. The rapid development of mobile telephony and the global expansion of the Internet shows that ICTs have a significant role to play in developing countries. Where these technologies have become available, their extensive use is evidence of the success that can come from providing a climate encouraging innovation and growth. It is of great importance to understand how we can bridge the digital divide and be able to use technology to benefit all levels of society. ICTs for Poverty Alleviation: Basic Tool and Enabling Sector confirms that it is possible , practical and affordable to use ICTs to the benefit of the poor. It also confirms the need for all countries to have a presence in the emerging technology-based economy. ICTs have the potential to be effective instruments in support of poverty reduction. The flexible nature of ICTs allows them to help address problems in health, education and livelihoods. In addition, they can enable people's empowerment and ultimately strengthen human rights. 4 The literature on the use of ICTs in support of poverty alleviation is very rich. The sheer volume of the literature creates a challenge, but this report could not have existed without the many insights and pearls of wisdom found in these previous works. The author wishes to express his gratitude to the many people who willingly took the time to openly share their knowledge, insights and opinions. Particular thanks must go to the staff of the Sida ICT for Development Secretariat. Despite all of the input and support, the author takes full responsibility for any errors and omissions in this report. Background and Objective: Over the last decade, there has been an ongoing debate regarding the role that Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) should play in development cooperation programs in general, and more specifically in support of poverty alleviation. Strongly held opinions included: