Localization Technology in Wireless Sensor Networks Using RSSI and LQI: A Survey

For Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), low-cost precise localization is the most essential requirement. Localization techniques based on RSSI is cost effective when be in comparison with TDOA, TOA and AOA. Because it doesn’t need any extra power, hardware or bandwidth. In this paper, we simply introduce some related theory and techniques, such as TDOA, TOA and AOA in Wireless Sensor Networks. Localization error can be declined by observing both RSSI and LQI at the same time. We survey a dynamic distance estimation method based on RSSI and LQI, and present a comparison of some algorithms based on the theory. By analyzing the model of radio wave propagation loss and empirical data from real measurement, the method is to use discrete linear lines to approximate the real attenuation of RSSI and LQI.

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