Chromosomal Polymorphism in Botrytis Cinerea Strains

The electrophoretic karyotypes of five strains of Botrytis cinerea from different locations were determined. A unique karyotype was observed for each strain: although general features of the banding pattern of chromosome sized DNA were conserved between strains not two strains had identical karyotypes, indicating that considerable length polymorphism exists in this species. The size of the hands ranged from 1.88 Mb to 3.72 Mb and the genome sizes from 11.22 to 22.49 Mb using chromosomal standards from Hansenula wingeii. Three of the strains were quite similar both in number and size of bands and genome total size and would be the diploid form of the species. The other two presented lower band number and, according to the total genome size, one of them could be haploid and the other an anenploid form. The mitochondrial DNA hand was also shown on gels and its origin confirmed by the cytochrome c oxidase specific reaction. Infection assays were carried out both in Nicotiana tabacum and Vifis uinifera and differences in pathogenicity were shown by the strains, although parasitic degree could not be related to any ploidy state or specific band.

[1]  F. Koch,et al.  Variations in ploidy among isolates of Botrytis cinerea: implications for genetic and molecular analyses , 1994, Current Genetics.

[2]  J. Martín,et al.  Resolution of four large chromosomes in penicillin-producing filamentous fungi: the penicillin gene cluster is located on chromosome II (9.6 Mb) in Penicillium notatum and chromosome 1 (10.4 Mb) in Penicillium chrysogenum , 1993, Molecular and General Genetics MGG.

[3]  D. Bhatnagar,et al.  Variable electrophoretic karyotypes of members of Aspergillus Section Flavi , 1992, Current Genetics.

[4]  V. Miao,et al.  Identification and chromosomal locations of a family of cytochrome P-450 genes for pisatin detoxification in the fungus Nectrla haematococca , 1991, Molecular and General Genetics MGG.

[5]  H. Osiewacz,et al.  Electrophoretic karyotype of the ascomycete Podospora anserina , 1990, Current Genetics.

[6]  A. Debets,et al.  An electrophoretic karyotype of Aspergillus niger , 1990, Molecular and General Genetics MGG.

[7]  Emilio Alvarez,et al.  Large amplification of a 35-kb DNA fragment carrying two penicillin biosynthetic genes in high penicillin producing strains of Penicillium chrysogenum , 1989, Current Genetics.

[8]  B. Ono,et al.  Inheritance of chromosome length polymorphisms in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , 1988, Current Genetics.

[9]  Tomohiro Matsumoto,et al.  Construction of a mini-chromosome by deletion and its mitotic and meiotic behaviour in fission yeast , 1986, Molecular and General Genetics MGG.

[10]  S. Leong,et al.  Molecular analysis of the karyotype of Ustilago maydis , 2004, Chromosoma.

[11]  J. Manners,et al.  Highly variable molecular karyotypes in the plant pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides , 2004, Current Genetics.

[12]  L. Rebordinos,et al.  Biologically active sesquiterpenoid metabolites from the fungus Botrytis cinerea , 1996 .

[13]  J. Kan,et al.  Genetic variation and segregation of DNA polymorphisms in Botrytis cinerea. , 1993 .

[14]  J. Martín,et al.  Resolution of chromosomes III and VI of Aspergillus nidulans by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis shows that the penicillin biosynthetic pathway genes pcbAB, pcbC, and penDE are clustered on chromosome VI (3.0 megabases) , 1992, Journal of bacteriology.

[15]  A. Clutterbuck,et al.  An autonomously replicating plasmid transforms Aspergillus nidulans at high frequency. , 1991, Gene.

[16]  H. Brody,et al.  Electrophoretic karyotype of Aspergillus nidulans. , 1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[17]  B. Howlett.  An electrophoretic karyotype forPhytophthora megasperma , 1989 .

[18]  G. Carle,et al.  Electrophoretic analysis of Histoplasma capsulatum chromosomal DNA , 1989, Molecular and cellular biology.

[19]  Y. Hayashi,et al.  Light microscopic observation of nuclei and mitotic chromosomes of Botrytis species. , 1989 .

[20]  F. Faretra,et al.  Sexual behaviour and mating system of Botryotinia fuckeliana, teleomorph of Botrytis cinerea. , 1988 .

[21]  J. Martín,et al.  High–Frequency Transformation of Penicillium Chrysogenum , 1987, Bio/Technology.

[22]  D. J. Phillips,et al.  Size, nuclear number, and aggressiveness of Botrytis cinerea spores produced on media of varied glucose concentrations , 1987 .

[23]  M. Wilson,et al.  Mitochondria: a practical approach. , 1987 .

[24]  F. Hecht,et al.  Letters to the Editors:Detection of fragile sites on human chromosomes , 1985 .

[25]  M. Grindle.  Phenotypic Differences Between Natural and Induced Variants of Botrytis cinerea , 1979 .