Mycobacterium avium complex peritonitis in an AIDS patient.

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) frequently disseminates in AIDS patients, where the gastrointestinal tract is a major target organ. While ascites in AIDS patients is common, peritonitis secondary to MAC is rare. We describe the first case of MAC peritonitis in an AIDS patient without underlying cirrhosis, portal hypertension, chylous ascites or peritoneal dialysis. This case highlights the need to be aware of atypical presentations of MAC disease in AIDS patients with a history of disseminated MAC, even those who compliantly take highly active antiretroviral therapy.

[1]  Griesemer Ra,et al.  Cat-Scratch Disease , 1965, Atlas of Pediatrics in the Tropics and Resource-Limited Settings.

[2]  H. Farber,et al.  Successful treatment of chylous ascites secondary to Mycobacterium avium complex in a patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome , 1999, American Journal of Gastroenterology.

[3]  C. Horsburgh,et al.  The pathophysiology of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease in AIDS. , 1999, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[4]  S. Kaplan,et al.  Hepatosplenic cat-scratch disease in children: selected clinical features and treatment. , 1999, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[5]  R. Chaisson,et al.  Clarithromycin and ethambutol with or without clofazimine for the treatment of bacteremic: Mycobacterium avium complex disease in patients with HIV infection , 1997, AIDS.

[6]  J. Miller,et al.  Hepatosplenic cat-scratch disease and abdominal pain. , 1997, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.

[7]  J. W. Bass,et al.  The expanding spectrum of Bartonella infections: II. Cat-scratch disease. , 1997, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.

[8]  J. Koehler,et al.  Granulomatous hepatitis and necrotizing splenitis due to Bartonella henselae in a patient with cancer: case report and review of hepatosplenic manifestations of bartonella infection. , 1996, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[9]  F. Berkowitz,et al.  Chylous ascites caused by Mycobacterium avium complex and mesenteric lymphadenitis in a child with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. , 1993, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.