International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics Genetic and evolutionary biometrics : Exploring value preference space for hybrid feature weighting and selection

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to explore the value preference space associated with the optimization and generalization performance of GEFeWSML.Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, the authors modified the evaluation function utilized by GEFeWSML such that the weights assigned to each objective (i.e. error reduction and feature reduction) were varied. For each set of weights, GEFeWSML was used to evolve FMs for the face, periocular, and face + periocular templates. The best performing FMs on the training set (FMtss) and the best performing FMs on the validation set (FM*s) were then applied to the test set in order to evaluate how well they generalized to the unseen subjects.Findings – By varying the weights assigned to each of the objectives, the authors were able to suggest values that would result in the best optimization and generalization performances for facial, periocular, and face + periocular recognition. GEFeWSML using these suggested values outperformed the previously reported GEFeW...

[1]  P. Yu Multiple criteria decision making: five basic concepts , 1989 .

[2]  G. Dozier,et al.  Genetic & Evolutionary Biometrics: Hybrid feature selection and weighting for a multi-modal biometric system , 2012, 2012 Proceedings of IEEE Southeastcon.

[3]  David B. Fogel,et al.  Evolutionary Computation: Toward a New Philosophy of Machine Intelligence (IEEE Press Series on Computational Intelligence) , 2006 .

[4]  Damon L. Woodard,et al.  Genetic-Based Type II Feature Extraction for Periocular Biometric Recognition: Less is More , 2010, 2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition.

[5]  Marios Savvides,et al.  Robust local binary pattern feature sets for periocular biometric identification , 2010, 2010 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS).

[6]  Lawrence. Davis,et al.  Handbook Of Genetic Algorithms , 1990 .

[7]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  A comparative study of texture measures with classification based on featured distributions , 1996, Pattern Recognit..

[8]  Nostrand Reinhold,et al.  the utility of using the genetic algorithm approach on the problem of Davis, L. (1991), Handbook of Genetic Algorithms. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York. , 1991 .

[9]  Kelvin S. Bryant,et al.  Neurogenetic reconstruction of biometric templates: A new security threat? , 2012, 2012 Proceedings of IEEE Southeastcon.

[10]  Damon L. Woodard,et al.  Personal identification using periocular skin texture , 2010, SAC '10.

[11]  Arun Ross,et al.  An introduction to biometrics , 2008, ICPR 2008.

[12]  J. A. Lozano,et al.  Estimation of Distribution Algorithms: A New Tool for Evolutionary Computation , 2001 .

[13]  Qingfu Zhang,et al.  Global multiobjective optimization via estimation of distribution algorithm with biased initialization and crossover , 2007, GECCO '07.

[14]  Patrick J. Flynn,et al.  Overview of the face recognition grand challenge , 2005, 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05).

[15]  Damon L. Woodard,et al.  Soft biometric classification using periocular region features , 2010, 2010 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS).

[16]  Caifeng Shan,et al.  Learning Discriminative LBP-Histogram Bins for Facial Expression Recognition , 2008, BMVC.

[17]  Damon L. Woodard,et al.  Periocular region appearance cues for biometric identification , 2010, 2010 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Workshops.

[18]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  Face Description with Local Binary Patterns: Application to Face Recognition , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[19]  David B. Fogel,et al.  Evolutionary Computation: Towards a New Philosophy of Machine Intelligence , 1995 .

[20]  Jasbir S. Arora,et al.  Survey of multi-objective optimization methods for engineering , 2004 .

[21]  Thomas Bäck,et al.  Evolutionary computation: Toward a new philosophy of machine intelligence , 1997, Complex..

[22]  M. Turk,et al.  Eigenfaces for Recognition , 1991, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[23]  Sébastien Marcel,et al.  On the Recent Use of Local Binary Patterns for Face Authentication , 2007 .

[24]  Karl Ricanek,et al.  MORPH: a longitudinal image database of normal adult age-progression , 2006, 7th International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FGR06).

[25]  Edward Tunstel,et al.  An Introduction to Evolutionary Computation , 2001 .

[26]  E. Tunstel,et al.  Multiobjective evolutionary path planning via fuzzy tournament selection , 1998, 1998 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation Proceedings. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (Cat. No.98TH8360).

[27]  John C. Kelly,et al.  Genetic and evolutionary methods for biometric feature reduction , 2012, Int. J. Biom..

[28]  Andries P. Engelbrecht,et al.  Computational Intelligence: An Introduction , 2002 .

[29]  Matti Pietikäinen,et al.  Multiresolution Gray-Scale and Rotation Invariant Texture Classification with Local Binary Patterns , 2002, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[30]  A. Govardhan,et al.  Facial Recognition using Eigenfaces by PCA , 2009 .

[31]  Damon L. Woodard,et al.  Genetic-Based Selection and Weighting for LBP, oLBP, and Eigenface Feature Extraction , 2011, MAICS.

[32]  Karl Ricanek,et al.  Genetic & Evolutionary Biometric Security: Disposable Feature Extractors for Mitigating Biometric Replay Attacks , 2012, CSER.

[33]  Nalini Ratha,et al.  An efficient, two-stage iris recognition system , 2009, 2009 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems.

[34]  John H. Holland,et al.  Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control, and Artificial Intelligence , 1992 .