Wearable Computers: A Human Factors Review

In this article, wearable computers are considered from the perspective of human factors. Three approaches to the development of this technology are presented: computers that can be worn, information appliances that can be worn, and computers as clothing. The implications for how people will wear and interact with computers in these forms are considered. In particular, in this article a discussion of forms of dialogue to demonstrate how wearable computers require fundamental revision of the way in which we consider human-computer interaction is presented. This article concludes with reports of work on human interaction with wearable computers, both in terms of task performance and physical effects of wearing technology.

[1]  Chris Baber,et al.  Contrasting Paradigms for the Development of Wearable Computers , 1999, IBM Syst. J..

[2]  Chris Baber,et al.  Preliminary Investigations into the Use of Wearable Computers , 1998, BCS HCI.

[3]  Donald A. Norman,et al.  The invisible computer , 1998 .

[4]  S J Legg Comparison of different methods of load carriage. , 1985, Ergonomics.

[5]  Chris Baber,et al.  Ergonomics of wearable computers , 1999, Mob. Networks Appl..

[6]  Bruce H. Thomas,et al.  Evaluation of three input mechanisms for wearable computers , 1997, Digest of Papers. First International Symposium on Wearable Computers.

[7]  Albrecht Schmidt,et al.  A wearable context-awareness component. Finally a good reason to wear a tie , 1999, Digest of Papers. Third International Symposium on Wearable Computers.

[8]  Jan M. Rabaey,et al.  A prototype user interface for a mobile multimedia terminal , 1995, CHI '95.

[9]  Mark Weiser The computer for the 21st century , 1991 .

[10]  Maggie Orth,et al.  Smart fabric, or "wearable clothing" , 1997, Digest of Papers. First International Symposium on Wearable Computers.

[11]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Tactual displays for wearable computing , 1997, Digest of Papers. First International Symposium on Wearable Computers.

[12]  Leonard J. Bass,et al.  On site maintenance using a wearable computer system , 1995, CHI '95.

[13]  Richard Martin,et al.  Design for wearability , 1998, Digest of Papers. Second International Symposium on Wearable Computers (Cat. No.98EX215).

[14]  Leonard J. Bass,et al.  The design of a wearable computer , 1997, CHI.

[15]  Jerome T. Carollo Helmet Mounted Displays , 1989 .

[16]  Amy R. Pritchett,et al.  Preliminary investigation of wearable computers for task guidance in aircraft inspection , 1998, Digest of Papers. Second International Symposium on Wearable Computers (Cat. No.98EX215).

[17]  Jennifer Healey,et al.  Augmented Reality through Wearable Computing , 1997, Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments.

[18]  James B. Sampson,et al.  Cognitive Performance of Individuals Using a Head—Mounted Display While Walking , 1993 .

[19]  Daniel Gopher,et al.  Training head movement in visual scanning: An embedded approach to the development of piloting skills with helmet-mounted displays , 1997 .

[20]  Steven K. Feiner,et al.  A touring machine: Prototyping 3D mobile augmented reality systems for exploring the urban environment , 1997, Digest of Papers. First International Symposium on Wearable Computers.

[21]  Rupert England Sensory-motor systems in virtual manipulation , 1995 .

[22]  James Church,et al.  Wearable sensor badge and sensor jacket for context awareness , 1999, Digest of Papers. Third International Symposium on Wearable Computers.

[23]  Mark Krichever,et al.  Development of a commercially successful wearable data collection system , 1998, Digest of Papers. Second International Symposium on Wearable Computers (Cat. No.98EX215).

[24]  Hiroshi Ishii,et al.  Tangible bits: towards seamless interfaces between people, bits and atoms , 1997, CHI.

[25]  Douglas C. Engelbart,et al.  A conceptual framework for the augmentation of man's intellect , 1988 .

[26]  Clarence E. Rash,et al.  Human factors and safety considerations of night-vision systems flight using thermal imaging systems , 1990, Defense, Security, and Sensing.

[27]  Chris Schmandt,et al.  Speaking and listening on the run: design for wearable audio computing , 1998, Digest of Papers. Second International Symposium on Wearable Computers (Cat. No.98EX215).

[28]  E. Vesterinen,et al.  Affective Computing , 2009, Encyclopedia of Biometrics.

[29]  Steve Mann,et al.  Wearable Computing: A First Step Toward Personal Imaging , 1997, Computer.

[30]  Andy Hopper,et al.  The active badge location system , 1992, TOIS.

[31]  Chris Baber,et al.  Wearable computers for the fire service and police force: technological and human factors , 1999, Digest of Papers. Third International Symposium on Wearable Computers.

[32]  Theodoros N. Arvanitis,et al.  A Wearable Computer for Paramedics: Studies in Model-based, User-centred and Industrial Design , 1999, INTERACT.

[33]  D.P. Siewiorek,et al.  Wearable computers , 1994, IEEE Potentials.

[34]  Leonard J. Bass Is There a Wearable Computer In Your Future? (Extended Abstract) , 1995, Software-Ergonomie.

[35]  G. Michel,et al.  Restricting the Field of View: Perceptual and Performance Effects , 1990, Perceptual and motor skills.

[36]  Rupert England,et al.  Simulated and virtual realities: elements of perception , 1995 .

[37]  David Zeltzer,et al.  A survey of glove-based input , 1994, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[38]  Steven K. Feiner,et al.  A touring machine: Prototyping 3D mobile augmented reality systems for exploring the urban environment , 1997, Digest of Papers. First International Symposium on Wearable Computers.

[39]  Leonard J. Bass,et al.  On site wearable computer system , 1995, CHI '95.

[40]  Eric J. Lind,et al.  A sensate liner for personnel monitoring applications , 1997, Digest of Papers. First International Symposium on Wearable Computers.

[41]  Bruce H. Thomas,et al.  Determination of placement of a body-attached mouse as a pointing input device for wearable computers , 1999, Digest of Papers. Third International Symposium on Wearable Computers.