Energy expenditure and respiratory diseases: is there a link?

Recent studies have suggested that respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), influence energy expenditure (EE). This influence on energy balance may be responsible for the weight changes that are often seen in individuals suffering from OSAS and COPD. However, even though EE has been assessed in several studies, be it in OSAS or COPD, there are still controversies regarding these potential relationships. Thus, the objective of this review is to describe some of the potential mechanisms that may affect EE in respiratory diseases and, thereby discuss whether there seems to be an explanation for the aforementioned relationship. The primary focus is on the oxygen transport system, which may be an important determinant for the relationship between both of these respiratory diseases and EE.

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