Generalizations of the Intermediate Value Theorem for Approximating Fixed Points and Zeros of Continuous Functions

Generalizations of the traditional intermediate value theorem are presented. The obtained generalized theorems are particular useful for the existence of solutions of systems of nonlinear equations in several variables as well as for the existence of fixed points of continuous functions. Based on the corresponding criteria for the existence of a solution emanated by the intermediate value theorems, generalized bisection methods for approximating fixed points and zeros of continuous functions are given. These bisection methods require only algebraic signs of the function values and are of major importance for tackling problems with imprecise (not exactly known) information.

[1]  Bernard Bolzano Rein analytischer Beweis des Lehrsatzes, daß zwischen je zwey Werthen, die ein entgegengesetztes Resultat gewähren, wenigstens eine reele Wurzel der Gleichung liege , .

[2]  A. Cauchy Cours d'analyse de l'École royale polytechnique , 1821 .

[3]  E. Sperner Neuer beweis für die invarianz der dimensionszahl und des gebietes , 1928 .

[4]  Bronisław Knaster,et al.  Ein Beweis des Fixpunktsatzes für n-dimensionale Simplexe , 1929 .

[5]  Herbert E. Scarf,et al.  The Approximation of Fixed Points of a Continuous Mapping , 1967 .

[6]  James M. Ortega,et al.  Iterative solution of nonlinear equations in several variables , 2014, Computer science and applied mathematics.

[7]  Frank Stenger,et al.  Computing the topological degree of a mapping inRn , 1975 .

[8]  Baker Kearfott A proof of convergence and an error bound for the method of bisection in ⁿ , 1978 .

[9]  Baker Kearfott,et al.  An efficient degree-computation method for a generalized method of bisection , 1979 .

[10]  V. Jarník Bolzano and the Foundations of Mathematical Analysis , 1981 .

[11]  V. Jarník Bernard Bolzano and the foundations of mathematical analysis , 1981 .

[12]  K. Sikorski Bisection is optimal , 1982 .

[13]  Christopher A. Sikorski Optimal solution of nonlinear equations , 1985, J. Complex..

[14]  M N Vrahatis,et al.  A rapid Generalized Method of Bisection for solving Systems of Non-linear Equations , 1986 .

[15]  Michael N. Vrahatis,et al.  Algorithm 666: Chabis: a mathematical software package for locating and evaluating roots of systems of nonlinear equations , 1988, TOMS.

[16]  Michael N. Vrahatis,et al.  Solving systems of nonlinear equations using the nonzero value of the topological degree , 1988, TOMS.

[17]  Michael N. Vrahatis,et al.  A short proof and a generalization of Miranda’s existence theorem , 1989 .

[18]  Michael N. Vrahatis,et al.  An efficient method for locating and computing periodic orbits of nonlinear mappings , 1995 .

[19]  Michael N. Vrahatis,et al.  RFSFNS: A portable package for the numerical determination of the number and the calculation of roots of Bessel functions , 1995 .

[20]  M. N. Vrahatis,et al.  A New Unconstrained Optimization Method for Imprecise Function and Gradient Values , 1996 .

[21]  Michael N. Vrahatis,et al.  Locating and Computing Arbitrarily Distributed Zeros , 1999, SIAM J. Sci. Comput..

[22]  M. N. Vrahatis,et al.  Erratum to: "RFSFNS: A portable package for the numerical determination of the number and the calculation of roots of Bessel functions" [Comput. Phys. Commun. 92 (1995) 252-266] , 1999 .

[23]  Michael N. Vrahatis,et al.  On the Complexity of Isolating Real Roots and Computing with Certainty the Topological Degree , 2002, J. Complex..

[24]  T. N. Grapsa,et al.  DIMENSION REDUCING METHODS FOR SYSTEMS OF NONLINEAR EQUATIONS AND UNCONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION : A REVIEW , 2003 .

[25]  Andreas Frommer,et al.  On the existence theorems of Kantorovich, Miranda and Borsuk. , 2004 .

[26]  Michael N. Vrahatis,et al.  Efficiently Computing Many Roots of a Function , 2005, SIAM J. Sci. Comput..

[27]  M. N. Vrahatis,et al.  Generalization of the Bolzano theorem for simplices , 2016 .

[28]  G. Heindl Generalizations of Theorems of Rohn and Vrahatis ∗ , 2016 .

[29]  Stef Graillat,et al.  On the Robustness of the 2Sum and Fast2Sum Algorithms , 2017, ACM Trans. Math. Softw..

[30]  Michael N. Vrahatis,et al.  Algorithm 987 , 2018, ACM Trans. Math. Softw..

[31]  M. N. Vrahatis Intermediate value theorem for simplices for simplicial approximation of fixed points and zeros , 2020 .