An assessment of static precise point positioning using GPS only, GLONASS only, and GPS plus GLONASS

Abstract The aim of this paper is to look into the achievable repeatability and accuracy from Precise Point Positioning (PPP) daily solutions when using GPS only (PPP GPS), GLONASS only (PPP GLO), and GPS plus GLONASS (PPP GPS + GLO) for static positioning. As part of the assessment, a comparison with Global Double Difference (DD) GPS daily solutions is presented. It is shown, therefore, that all of the PPP daily solutions can achieve millimetric level repeatability, similar to the global DD GPS solutions. Furthermore, the mean of the biases between the PPP daily solutions and the global DD GPS daily solutions are constellation type dependent, while an improvement is found in the vertical component for PPP GPS + GLO over PPP GLO, as the latter may be more affected by any imperfections in the models for GLONASS antenna phase centre variations. It is concluded that PPP GLO daily solutions have the ability to be used as independent solutions to PPP GPS daily solutions for static positioning, and as an alternative to PPP GPS + GLO or global DD GPS daily solutions.

[1]  C. Hide,et al.  Carrier phase-based integrity monitoring for high-accuracy positioning , 2009 .

[2]  Shaojun Feng,et al.  GLONASS Aided GPS Ambiguity Fixed Precise Point Positioning , 2013 .

[3]  J. Saastamoinen.  Contributions to the theory of atmospheric refraction , 1972 .

[4]  Paul Collins,et al.  Undifferenced GPS Ambiguity Resolution Using the Decoupled Clock Model and Ambiguity Datum Fixing , 2010 .

[5]  Gerard Petit,et al.  IERS Conventions (2003) , 2004 .

[6]  Kenneth W. Hudnut,et al.  Crustal deformation measurements in Guerrero, Mexico , 2004 .

[7]  Changsheng Cai,et al.  Precise point positioning using dual-frequency GPS and GLONASS measurements , 2009 .

[8]  J. Zumberge,et al.  Precise point positioning for the efficient and robust analysis of GPS data from large networks , 1997 .

[9]  Lei Yang,et al.  Improving Ambiguity Validation and Integrity Monitoring of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) , 2013 .

[10]  S. Alcay,et al.  Comparing GLONASS-only with GPS-only and hybrid positioning in various length of baselines , 2012, Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Hungarica.

[11]  G. Blewitt.  Carrier Phase Ambiguity Resolution for the Global Positioning System Applied to Geodetic Baselines up to 2000 km , 1989 .

[12]  W. I. Bertiger,et al.  Effects of antenna orientation on GPS carrier phase , 1992 .

[13]  Yang Gao,et al.  Modeling and assessment of combined GPS/GLONASS precise point positioning , 2013, GPS Solutions.

[14]  Zhizhao Liu,et al.  A new automated cycle slip detection and repair method for a single dual-frequency GPS receiver , 2011 .

[15]  Lambert Wanninger,et al.  GLONASS Inter-frequency Biases and Their Effects on RTK and PPP Carrier-phase Ambiguity Resolution , 2011 .

[16]  A. Niell.  Global mapping functions for the atmosphere delay at radio wavelengths , 1996 .

[17]  J. Kouba.  A GUIDE TO USING INTERNATIONAL GNSS SERVICE (IGS) PRODUCTS , 2003 .

[18]  U. Hugentobler,et al.  Tropospheric Gradient Estimation at CODE: Results from Global Solutions , 2004 .

[19]  J. Saastamoinen,et al.  Contributions to the theory of atmospheric refraction , 1972 .

[20]  Thomas A. Herring,et al.  Effects of atmospheric azimuthal asymmetry on the analysis of space geodetic data , 1997 .

[21]  J. L. Berné,et al.  GPS and GLONASS Static and Kinematic PPP Results , 2013 .