Miniaturization of substrate integrated waveguide filters using novel compact metamaterial unit-cells based on SIR technique

Abstract In this paper, three novel compact metamaterial unit-cells are proposed. The proposed unit-cells are based on the concept of the stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) technique which are used to miniaturize the physical size of the conventional complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs). The proposed metamaterial unit-cells consists of two modified rings so that in these unit-cells, the slot lines in the conventional CSRRs are replaced by the stepped-impedance slot lines. The electrical size of the proposed unit-cells called the SIR-CSRR are larger than the conventional CSRR. To investigate the performance of the proposed SIR-CSRR unit-cells in the size reduction, three substrate integrated waveguide filters loaded by SIR-CSRR unit-cells with different configurations are designed. By loading the SIR-CSRRs on the surface of the waveguide, an additional forward-wave passband propagating below the initial cut-off frequency of the waveguide is produced. Consequently, by using the proposed SIR-CSRR unit-cells instead of the conventional CSRRs, miniaturization with arbitrary ratio are achieved. In order to validate the proposed miniaturization technique, the designed filters are fabricated and measurement results are provided. Good agreement between simulation and measurement results are achieved.

[1]  V. Veselago.  The Electrodynamics of Substances with Simultaneously Negative Values of ∊ and μ , 1968 .

[2]  John W. Gipprich,et al.  Low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) ridge waveguide bandpass chip filters , 1999, IMS 1999.

[3]  J. Bonache,et al.  Babinet principle applied to the design of metasurfaces and metamaterials. , 2004, Physical review letters.

[4]  Abdolmehdi Dadgarpour,et al.  Effect of stepped-impedance resonators on rectangular metamaterial unit cells , 2015 .

[5]  Dwipjoy Sarkar,et al.  An ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter with complementary split ring resonator for coupling improvement , 2017 .

[6]  Partha Sarathee Bhowmik,et al.  Modelling and analysis of Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) and half-mode SIW (HMSIW) band-pass filter using reactive longitudinal periodic structures , 2016 .

[7]  B. Sanz-Izquierdo,et al.  Substrate integrated folded waveguides (SIFW) and filters , 2005, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[8]  A. Hakimi,et al.  Compact bandpass filter based on SIW loaded by open complementary split‐ring resonators , 2016 .

[9]  Francisco Medina,et al.  Artificial magnetic metamaterial design by using spiral resonators , 2004 .

[10]  Sheng-Fuh Chang,et al.  Dual-band step-impedance bandpass filter for multimode wireless LANs , 2004 .

[11]  E. Marquez-Segura,et al.  Simulation of negative permittivity and negative permeability by means of evanescent waveguide Modes-theory and experiment , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[12]  Santanu Maity,et al.  Design and fabrication of CSRR based tunable mechanically and electrically efficient band pass filter for K-band application , 2017 .

[14]  Xi-Lang Zhou,et al.  A Substrate-Integrated Evanescent-Mode Waveguide Filter With Nonresonating Node in Low-Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[15]  S. He.  EVANESCENT-MODE SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WA- VEGUIDE (SIW) FILTERS IMPLEMENTED WITH COM- PLEMENTARY SPLIT RING RESONATORS , 2011 .

[16]  M. Makimoto,et al.  Bandpass Filters Using Parallel Coupled Strip-Line Stepped Impedance Resonators , 1980 .

[17]  Pavel A. Belov,et al.  Subwavelength metallic waveguides loaded by uniaxial resonant scatterers. , 2005 .

[18]  Xiaohong Tang,et al.  A novel type of bandpass filter using complementary open‐ring resonator loaded HMSIW with an electric cross‐coupling , 2016 .

[19]  Yuanqing Wang,et al.  Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) Bandpass Filter , 2007, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[20]  K. Wu,et al.  Integrated microstrip and rectangular waveguide in planar form , 2001, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[21]  Ke Wu,et al.  The substrate integrated circuits - a new concept for high-frequency electronics and optoelectronics , 2003, 6th International Conference on Telecommunications in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Service, 2003. TELSIKS 2003..

[22]  Ruey-Beei Wu,et al.  Microstrip diplexers design with common resonator sections for compact size, but high isolation , 2006 .

[23]  Wei Hong,et al.  Dual-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Filter With Flexible Response , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[24]  Nazih Khaddaj Mallat,et al.  Development of Substrate Integrated Waveguide filters for low-cost high-density RF and microwave circuit integration: Pseudo-elliptic dual mode cavity band-pass filters , 2016 .

[25]  J. Bonache,et al.  Equivalent-circuit models for split-ring resonators and complementary split-ring resonators coupled to planar transmission lines , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[26]  H. Henke,et al.  Fractal negative-epsilon metamaterial , 2010, 2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT).

[27]  Ian D. Robertson,et al.  Substrate integrated waveguide filters with broadside-coupled complementary split ring resonators , 2013 .

[28]  Tayeb A. Denidni,et al.  New Compact Metamaterial Unit-Cell Using SIR Technique , 2014, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[29]  Tatsuo Itoh,et al.  Electromagnetic metamaterials : transmission line theory and microwave applications : the engineering approach , 2005 .

[30]  M. Makimoto,et al.  Geometrical structures and fundamental characteristics of microwave stepped-impedance resonators , 1997 .

[31]  K. Wu,et al.  Integration and interconnect techniques of planar and non-planar structures for microwave and millimeter-wave circuits - current status and future trend , 2001, APMC 2001. 2001 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (Cat. No.01TH8577).

[32]  Tao Yang,et al.  Substrate Integrated Waveguide Loaded by Complementary Split-Ring Resonators and Its Applications to Miniaturized Waveguide Filters , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[33]  Akhilesh Mohan,et al.  Sixteenth-mode substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filter loaded with complementary split-ring resonator , 2017 .

[34]  Willie J Padilla,et al.  Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity , 2000, Physical review letters.